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COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



THE STANDARD 

DRILL AND 
MARCHING BOOK 



INCLUDING 

SIMPLE DIRECTIONS FOR TRAINING SCHOOL 
CLASSES IN MILITARY MARCHING, THE 
MILITARY MANUAL OF ARMS, DUMB-BELL 
DRILL AND EXERCISES, WAND DRILL, 
FARM AND HOME FANCY DRILLS, 
HOLIDAY DRILLS AND MARCHES, 

AND A NEW ADAPTATION OF 

NATIONAL SINGING GAMES 

COMPLETE WITH MUSIC 



By EDWIN ELLIS 



FULL Y ILLUSTRA TED WITH DIA GRAMS 



CHICAGO 
FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO. 
PUBLISHERS 



GV495~ 



THE LIBRARY OF 
CONGRESS, 

Two Copies Received 

MAY 25 1903 

Copyright Entry 
CLASS ou XXc. No. 
1 ODPY B. 



COPYRIGHTED, 1903 
BY FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO. 
CHICAGO, ILL., U.S.A. 



TYPOGRAPHY BY 
MARSH, AITKEN & CURTIS COMPANY 
CHICAGO 



CONTENTS 



CHAPTER 



PAGE 



Introduction 



7-i5 



I. Military Marching 



17-49 



II. The Military Manual of Arms .... 50-60 

III. Manual of the Dumb-bell 61-66 

IV. Manual of the Wand . . . . . 67-71 
V. National Singing Games on the Stage: Ameri- 
can, "Soldier Boy"; English, "London 
Bridge"; French, "Lady Fair"; German, 
"Hansel and Gretel Dance"; Bohemian, 



VI. Farm and Home Drills: "Oats, Pease, Beans 
and Barley Grow" ; "The Mulberry Bush" ; 



VII. Holiday Drills and Marches: Washington's 
Birthday ; Memorial Day; Fourth of July; 
Christmas; Thanksgiving; ' Arbor Day; 
May Day ; Miscellaneous — Rainbow Drill ; 
Butterfly Drill; Taper Drill; Cuban, 
American and Spanish Flag Drill; Flower 
Drill, Chinese, Japanese Drill; Dairy- 
maid's Drill; Fan Drill; Doll Drill; Broom 



"Character Dance" 



72-92 



"Garden Game" 



93-100 



Drill ; Cane Drill 



101-113 



THE STANDARD DRILL 



AND 

MARCHING BOOK 

INTRODUCTION 

Most books of drills and marches are 
based on the supposition that the teacher 
and the pupils are already trained to exe- 
cute ordinary movements well. This is a 
great mistake, and it explains the common 
failures that arise in the use of such books 
as we have referred to. It is like setting a 
student of music to playing Beethoven and 
Chopin before he has learned his scales. 

The "scales" in drills and marches are the 
common movements taught by the books of 
military tactics. There is no sentiment 
about the United States army. Its officers 
realize the need for individual drill, and 
every recruit is put through his "facings" 
before he is ever allowed to enter the 
ranks. If teachers would take their children 
one by one, or in small "squads" and drill 

7 



8 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



them on the essential marching elements 
before there is any thought of undertaking 
a "fancy march," much time would be saved 
and a far more satisfactory result would be 
attained. The same is true of drills. The 
military manual of arms is perhaps not so 
well adapted to general use in fancy drills 
as what may be called the "manual of the 
dumb-bell." A little regular practice in 
simple dumb-bell exercises will give the 
arms that freedom, grace, ease and life 
which are essential in all fancy drills with 
hoops, flags or the like. 

Some may think that time can be saved 
by drilling large numbers together rather 
than dividing them up into small squads. 
This is a mistake. It is essential that each 
individual have careful' attention, for one 
poorly drilled child will spoil a whole exer- 
cise. It is only by drilling in small squads 
that each individual may have his full share 
of attention. The best way is to drill thor-, 
oughly a few higher pupils, and make them 
in turn drill the lower ones. This is as 
important for them as for you, since the 
exercise of command always gives confi- 
dence, and when it comes to the final exhi- 
bition much will depend on a few leaders 
who hold important places at the ends of 



INTRODUCTION 



9 



lines, etc. They must have confidence in 
themselves and know just what to do in all 
emergencies. If they fail, all fail; but if 
they go ahead, the worst breaks may be 
soon set right and a certain measure of 
success will be attained. The necessary 
confidence can best be given these petty 
officers, if we may call them so, by setting 
them to drilling small squads. 

ESSENTIALS IN MARCHING 

There are a few essentials in marching 
which cannot very well be insisted on in the 
marching manual, but which the drill master 
certainly should insist on again and again 
and again if he wishes to make a good 
showing. We may state them briefly here: 

1. Stand straight, heads up, chins in (most 
raw recruits when they put their heads up 
throw their chins out, which is very wrong), 
arms held close to the side (not swung 
loosely by the side), body straight and stiff 
(of course not too stiff, but without swaying 
or stooping while marching). 

2. Many children have a peculiar walk. 
In some cases there is a deformity for 
which there is no remedy. In most cases, 
however, a little drilling will correct the 
awkwardness. When standing still, the 



10 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



heels should be together, the toes pointing 
outward, right and left, with an angle of 
about sixty degrees between them. To 
secure exactly the right position easily, 
chalk-mark lines or painted angles should 
be made on the floor, and the raw recruits 
should be made to take their positions on 
these. If they become accustomed to doing 
that they will quickly learn the right posi- 
tion without any elaborate explanation. 
The following shows the arrangement: 

V V V V V V V 

Fig. i. 

These marks should be from eighteen to 
twenty-two inches apart, according to the 
age of the children. To find the proper 
distance, make the children stand in line so 
that their elbows will just touch. The 
touching of the elbows will be their guide 
in marching. Then a mark may be made 
between the heels of each child and the V's 
afterward placed at these points. 

3. It is very essential that the length of 
the step of each child be the same. As 
naturally nearly all persons have a step of 
individual length, uniformity of length in 
step must be taught. Drilling with a squad 
of four, make the children watch each 



INTRODUCTION 



II 



other's feet to see that all come out in a 
perfect line at each step. Practice in march- 
ing to time, or, calling out "left" or "hep" 
just as the left foot touches the ground, will 
aid in getting the correct length of step; 
but it will not be sufficient without the indi- 
vidual drill. In most cases the marching 
step will be a little longer than the common 
step. 

4. The most difficult thing in marching is 
to keep in line, and persistent 'drill and 
practice are absolutely essential. In the 
effort to keep a uniform line, either abreast 
or in file, insist on these points: (a) Be 
sure that the uniform marching step has 
been learned by individual practice, or drill 
in squads of three or four (four is best), (b) 
Unless a line of four can be kept, it is 
certain a longer line cannot be. Begin with 
the line of four and perfect that, then try a 
slightly longer line, extending it indefinitely. 
If the short line is mastered first, the longer 
line will come much more easily, (c) March- 
ing at uniform distance in column file can 
be secured only when the uniform march 
step is fully mastered, and when all march- 
ing is done strictly to a rhythmic beat, 
either music or the "hep" of the leader. In 
marching in file the right distance may 



12 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



always be found by holding the elbow tight 
to the hip or side and extending the hand 
with fingers straight out. The ends of the 
fingers should just touch the back of the 
person in front. It might be well to prac- 
tice file marching with the forearm held 
rigid in this position to give a constant 
guide and test of the right distance. 

In keeping a straight line while marching 
abreast, the military right or left "guide" is 
extremely useful, that is, letting each 
marcher touch the elbow of the one on his 
right or left, whichever the guide is. More- 
over some can judge the proper step easily, 
while others seem to lack the faculty of pre- 
serving the line. To obviate the trouble 
that these lacking ones always make, place 
them between two especially good marchers. 
The end men should always be well drilled 
and naturally skilful; and moreover, pains 
should be taken to place a good marcher at 
intervals down the line, as the fourth and 
fifth, the eighth and ninth, the twelfth and 
thirteenth, etc. 

Regard must always be had to the height, 
for a short child by a tall one spoils the 
entire effect of a good drill; but regard must 
also be had to the marching capacities of 
the individuals, and any slight variations in 



INTRODUCTION 



height may easily be made up for by higher 
or lower cap or other headdress, and some- 
times by padding the soles of the shoes. 
This is done by using large-sized shoes, in 
which thick insoles have been inserted till 
the shoe fits and the prooer height is 
attained. 

ESSENTIALS IN DRILL 

The first essential in any kind of drill is 
free use of the arms. Some children will 
always appear timid, and it will be difficult 
to get them to extend their arms at full 
length and move them freely. Others, 
again, will be altogether too vigorous; but 
it is most likely to be the backward, timid 
ones that will spoil a drill. 

As with marching, so with any drill, prac- 
tice must be with small squads where the 
individual will get due attention and never 
be overlooked in the crowd. And here 
again the most skilful pupils will be the best 
drillers. 

Next to getting a free and graceful move- 
ment of the arms and body, perfect uni- 
formity is, of course, the chief essential, and 
it is for this uniformity that the teacher 
must continually strive, and strive until it is 
attained. 



14 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



In drilling, as in marching, it is always 
well to put the skilful beside the unskilful, 
for the contact will do the skilful one no 
harm (rather give independent certainty and 
vigor) and it will greatly help the unskilful 
one by the good example always at hand. 

FANCY DRILLS AND MARCHES 

In fancy marching the complication of 
figures is more seeming than real. There 
are certain elementary, well-known positions 
and figures which should be learned by drill 
upon each until each is mastered. Then it 
will be found that the fancy march is no 
more than a combination of these elements. 

Most fancy marches given in books are 
largely mechanical and arbitrary, and so 
are meaningless to both children and 
on-lookers. The only original element in 
them is the costume, or the object they 
carry in , their hands. How much more 
entertaining would these drills be if they 
were given a dramatic or story significance. 
Of course the dramatic or story element 
must be simple in the extreme, and in most 
cases should^ be adaptable to music. Such 
simple stories we have in the children's own 
singing games. Give them perfect uniform- 
ity, well-trained marching, and the dignity 



INTRODUCTION 



is 



required for exhibition purposes, and the 
result will be electric, both in interesting; 
the children and making them do their best, 
and also in the effect upon the audience. 

For the first time, it is believed, the 
present writer has adapted some of these 
games to marching purposes, and has 
devised others from familiar songs and 
poems. 



CHAPTER I 

MILITARY MARCHING 
(Adapted from U. S. Infantry Tactics) 

The object of this series of exercises is to 
give individual skill in all kinds of march- 
ing. It is the abc of the march. Fifteen 
minutes' practice at a time will prove more 
effective than longer drills, which tire both 
instructor and pupil. It must be remem- 
bered that new muscles are brought into 
play, and they must be developed gradually. 
In these drills the hands should be empty. 
The exercises are adapted to boys and girls 
alike. No music needed. 

THE SQUAD 

The squad usually consists of four, and 
drill in squads is intended for individual 
instruction to raw recruits. 

V's, each with an angle of sixty degrees, 
should be marked with chalk or paint on 
the floor or ground at such a distance apart 
that when the recruits stand side by side 
upon these V's their elbows will just touch. 

At the command "fall in" recruits take 
17 



1 8 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



their position on the V's, heels together, 
toes out, hands at sides, heads up, chins in. 
Boys hold their hands so that the little 
finger is just inside seam of pants; girls 
take a similar position, fingers straight 
down. 

Commands are usually given in two or 
more parts, the first being preliminary, exe- 
cution to take place the moment the final 
command is given. In the following the 
preliminary command is printed in italics, 
the final command in small capitals. The 
explanation of what is to be done follows. 

Command. — i. Squad; 2. Attention. 

Recruits take position of the soldier as 
described above, eyes straight to the front, 
fixed on a point about fifteen yards off. 

1. In place; 2. Rest. 

Recruits take easy positions but keep one 
heel in place. 

1. Break ranks; 2. March. 

Command used in dismissing squad, pla- 
toon or company. At the final command 
recruits do what they like. 

1. Eyes; 2. Right (or Left); 3. Front. 

At the second command the eyes are 
turned to the right, so that the inner corner 
of the left eye is on a line with the buttons 
supposed to be in the middle of the coat or 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK IQ 



dress in front, the eyes themselves turned 
along the line of eyes of other recruits 
toward right (or left). At the third com- 
mand the eyes are turned to the front 
again. The object is to get a perfect, align- 
ment. 

i. Right (or Left); 2. Face. 

Slightly raise the right foot and the toe of 
the left, and turn a quarter round to the 
right on the left heel as a pivot, coming to 
rest with feet in military position at right 
angles to former position (Fig. 2). 




Fig. 2. 



i. Squad; 2. About; 3. Face. 

At the second command turn the left foot 
slightly so that it will point to the front, and 
carry the right foot to the rear, setting it 
down so that it will be at right angles to the 
left, the hollow of the right foot three 



20 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

inches behind the left heel (Fig. 3). At the / 
third command turn on both heels so as to 




Fig. 3. 



face the rear; finally replacing the right 
heel beside the left in military position. 

The length of the direct step is supposed 
to be twenty-four inches, of the short step 
fourteen inches, of the side step six inches, 
of the back step fourteen inches. The 
standard cadence is one hundred and ten 
steps per minute. 

1. Forward; 2. March. 

This command may be given when squad 
is at a halt, marking time, or marching short 
step. 

At the preliminary command the weight 
is thrown upon the right foot, but the left 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 21 



knee is not bent. At the final command 
the left is moved smartly forward a full 
step. The toe should be kept down so that 
the entire sole of the foot gets the weight, 
not the heels. Turning the toes up so as to 
strike the ground with the heels should be 
avoided. As the left foot strikes the ground, 
the instructor cries "left," or "hep," to give 
the cadence and make the marching uni- 
form. Direct forward marching should be 
practiced till every leg moves in exact uni- 
formity with every other leg, as if they were 
wired together, or part of the same mech- 
anism. 

i. Forzvard; 2. Short step; 3. March. 

Executed like the above, except that the 
step is only fourteen inches long. If the 
squad is marching forward with full step, 
the command for short step is given with- 
out the word "forward." If it is wished to 
lengthen the step from short step to full 
step the command is: 1. Forzvard; 2. March. 

1. Side step to the right (or lef£); 2. March. 

Carry the foot on right or left, according 
to the command, six inches in the required 
direction, being careful to keep the shoul- 
ders and eyes square to the front. When 
the first foot is planted, bring the other up 
to it. 



22 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

i. Backward; 2. March. 

At the final command step off briskly 
with the left foot fourteen inches to the 
rear; then with the right, and so on. 

1. Mark time; 2. March. 

Usually given when squad or company is 
marching. At the final command, the 
instant either foot comes to the ground, 
continue the cadence, but without changing 
position, each time merely bring the foot 
back to the standing position. Each foot is 
alternately advanced about half its length 
and brought back to its former position. 

1. To the rear; 2. March. 

The final command should be given as 
the right foot strikes the ground. Advance 
and plant the left foot, then turn on the 
balls of both feet so as to face the rear, and 
immediately step off with the left foot. 
The movement can be executed only when 
marching abreast. 

1. Change step; 2. March. 

The final command should be given as 
the right foot strikes the ground; the left 
foot is then advanced and planted, and the 
right is advanced so that the hollow is 
against the heel of the left, when the recruit 
steps off with the left again. If the com- 
mand is given when the left foot strikes the 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 23 



ground, the right is advanced, the left 
brought up to it and the recruit steps off 
with the right again. 
1. Squad; 2. Halt. 

The command being given as either foot 
strikes the ground the other is brought up 
to it and rests in position. 

Marching in column results from a com- 
bination of two of the above orders, namely: 

i. Right {or left); 2. Face; 3. Forward; 
4. March; or 1. By the right [or left) flank; 
2. March. 

the platoon 

When the above movements and orders 
have been pretty well mastered with the 
small group or squad of three or four, two 
squads may be combined, making a pla- 
toon, and the following movements may be 
taught to the larger division. Eight make 
the best platoon for practice. 

After practicing over the commands and 
movements described under "squad," add 
the following: 

1. Count; 2. Twos. 

The recruit oh the right counts one, the 
one next him counts two, the third again 
counts one, the fourth two, and so on alter- 
nately. Each recruit must remember his 



24 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



number, as in wheeling into column of twos 
jljl* m. m. ml m. M- No. i stands still and 
1 No. 2 wheels round him 

M» roi» . ion »1» (Fig. 4). 

_> -1. -„ _„ x< Count; 2. Fours. 

Fig -4- The same as the preced- 

ing, except that the recruits count up to 
four, one, two, three, four, and then begin 
again, one, two, three, 
four, etc. (Fig. 5). 4 3 a 1 4 3. 2 1 

1. Right (or left); 2. 
Dress; 3. Front. * p 

The recruit at the end w 
(right or left according 
to the command) is ~* 
placed a little in advance 
of the line. At the second command the 
rest advance to a point about six inches be- 
hind the new line, working up to the line 
by very short steps, shoulders square to the 
front, elbow just touching recruit on the 
right (or left), eyes turned to the right (or 
left) to see that the line is formed correctly. 
The eyes are kept in this direction until 
the command front, when they are all 
turned to the front. 

1. Forward; 2. Guide right (or left); 
3. March. 

This is merely a modification of the order 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 25 



"forward, march," usually given when there 
are a number in line. "Guide right" means 
that each recruit is to touch the recruit on 
his right very lightly with his elbow. It aids 
him to keep his proper distance. If no 
guide order is given "right" is understood. 

A column in which the recruits stand one 
behind the other is called in military par- 
lance a "column of files" (Fig. 6); each 

Ji= SOLDIER 

4 4 . 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 

P= OFFICER 

Fig. 6. 

recruit is called a "file" (hence "rank and 

file, officers and men"). 

Command to a column of files at a halt: 
i. Left; 2. Face; 3. Forward; 4. Guide 

right (or left); 5. March. 

On the command "face" the recruits face 

to the left as previously described. Finding 

themselves in line, all looking in the same 

direction, they march forward abreast on 

the fifth command. 

Command to column of files marching: 
1. By the left [or right) flank; 2. March; 

3. Guide right (or left). 

The command "march" should be given as 

the left foot strikes the ground. The right 

foot is then advanced and planted, the body 



26 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



is turned to the left and the left foot steps 
off in the new direction. 

Command to platoon marching in line 
abreast: 

i. By the right (or left) flank; 2. March. 

The turn is made as in the preceding and 
the line marches off as a column of files, 
keeping at such a distance that when the 
command comes for forming a line again 
elbows will just touch. ■ 

Command to platoon at a halt in column 
of files: 

1 . Forzvard; 2. Column right, or half right 
{or left); 3. March. 

The recruit on the right wheels in the 
new direction indicated, either ninety 
degrees, or forty-five degrees (for half 
right), and marches off in this new direc- 
tion. The others follow him, turning on 
exactly the same ground as he turned upon. 

^ In order that this point suffer 
, * no deviation it is well for the 
► * * * * officer giving the commands 

HALF RIGHT , • i 1 1 

to stand in the angle, so that 
each recruit will turn directly 
* right in front of him (Fig. 7). 

FlG - 7> This movement is con- 

stantly executed in fancy marches. At such 
times an officer cannot well stand in the angle, 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 2/ 



and it is advisable that a very large headed 
brass tack or tin tack, such as is used for put- 
ting on felt roofing, be driven in the floor at 
the point of the angle, the marchers turning 
just outside the tack. For a complicated 
drill chalk marks, tacks, or the like, may be 
used to indicate each essential turn, the 
marks being put in by exact measurement. 
This will greatly aid the symmetry of the 
work. 

Command to platoon marching in line: 
i. Right (or left) oblique ; 2. March. 
Each recruit wheels half round to the 
right (or left according to the command), 
and the whole platoon marches off in an 
oblique direction. As the elbows will not 
touch, recruits must glance down the line to 
see that each head covers that just in 
advance, and that the shoulders also pre- 
serve a straight line. To resume the march 
in line abreast give the command: 1. For- 
ward; 2. March. (Fig. 8.) 

/ / / / / / / / 
#" *' #' *' 

Fig. 8. 

The command to oblique may be given 
when platoon is at a halt in line abreast, 
thus: 1. Platoon; 2. Right oblique; 3. 



28 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



March. The oblique may be executed with 
column of files in exactly the same way and 
by the same commands as when in line 
abreast. 

Command to platoon in line at a halt: 
i. Platoon right [or left) wheel; 2. March. 
The recruit at the right end of the line 
marks time, gradually turning. The recruit 
at the left of the line steps off with left foot 
and usual pace, marching on the arc of a 
circle. He should not be hurried or com- 
pelled to take unusually long or quick steps. 
Those in the line between the pivot and the 
wheel file should accommodate the length 
of their step to the requirements of their 
position, endeavoring to keep the line 



when the wheel has been completed, and the 
platoon marches off in the new direction. 

Command to platoon in line at a halt, or 
marching: 



Jr- V V -ir # *■ *• 
Fig. 9. 



*• 

» 



straight (Fig. 9). When 
the turn has been made 
ninety degrees the com- 
mand may be given to 
halt and dress. When 
the wheel can be execu- 
ted perfectly the com- 
mand, 1. Forward; 2. 
March, may be given 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 2g 



i. Twos right (or left) wheel; 2. March. 

Each No. 1 man acts as a pivot, each 
No. 2 man steps off on the arc of a circle 
until he has reached a position at right 
angles with original position (Fig. 10). 
/•+ /* /+ 

Fig. 10. 

Then the command may be given to halt; 
or forward, march. Each squad of two 
dresses to the left. If- the march is con- 
tinued the files dress without an order; if 
they are halted the order to dress is given 
by the leader. 

1. Fours right (or left) wheel; 2. March. 

Each No. 1 man is a „ 

pivot, No. 4 wheels on an /"" 
arc, and the two between / f ^+ • / 
accommodate their pace ± k L ± k k L ± 
to their positions (Fig. 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 1 
11). FlG - 11 - 

These are the usual commands used in 
forming column of fours and column of twos. 

The wheel is supposed to be ninety 
degrees, or a half turn; an about wheel is a 
complete turn, or one hundred and eighty 
degrees. For wheel 'in the above, about wheel 
may be substituted if a complete turn is 
desired. 



30 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



When platoon is in column of twos or 
column of fours at a halt, and it is desired 
to bring them into line again the same order 
is given, namely: 

i. Twos (or Jours) left (or right) wheel; 
2. March. 

The direction left or right will be just the 
opposite from the one used in forming 
column of twos or fours, and the No. 4 
recruit will be the pivot, while No. 1 will 
wheel. 

A wheel may be made with a movable 
pivot, the pivot recruit taking steps nine 
inches long instead of standing still. When 
the command to wheel is given to a line in 
march the pivot is supposed to be movable. 

Columns of fours or twos may be brought 
into line while on the march by the order: 

1. On rig Jit (or left) into line wheel; 2. 
March; 3. First set; 4. Halt; 5. Right; 6. 
Dress; 7. Front. 

The first four or two (the first set) wheels 
to the right and advances until the com- 
mand "halt," when it dresses to the right 
without order. The other sets keep on 
marching forward till the first man in the 
second set comes opposite the end of the 
first set, when the second set wheels and 
comes up beside the first set. When it 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 3 1 



reaches the proper point the third set 
wheels, and the third, fourth and so on. 
(See Fig. 12.) 



Command to platoon in column of fours: 

i. Form circle to the right (or left); 2. 
March. 

The leader takes his stand at what he 
wishes to be the center of the circle. The 
command "march" is given just as the first 
four in the column comes opposite this 
point. This four then wheels on a movable 
pivot, marching in a circle around the 
leader. When the second four comes oppo- 
site the center of the circle it, too, wheels, 
and continues to march around in a circle; 
the third four does the same, and so on. 




Fig. 12. 



(Fig. 13.) 





/ 



Fig. 13. 



32 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



If the platoon is halted and it is desired 
to give a command to continue in a circle, 
order: 

i. Forward in circle ; 2. March. 

To bring the platoon into column again, 
command: 

1. Circle forward into column ; 2. March. 

At the final command the first set 
marches directly forward wherever it may 
be. The others continue to circle until they 
come to the same point, when they follow 
the first set into column of fours. 

OFFICERS AND THEIR COMMANDS 

For convenience, we may call each re- 
cruit placed at the end of a squad of four a 
corporal, the one on the left being the first 
corporal, the one on the right the second. 

The first corporal of the first squad in a 
platoon may be called the sergeant. These 
two kinds of officers belong to the file. 

The officer commanding a platoon is a 
lieutenant. He never marches with the file, 
nor forms any part of a set of two or four. 

The officer commanding two platoons is a 
captain, and he gives orders to the whole 
company just as lower officers give orders 
to smaller divisions, merely substituting the 
word "company" for squad or platoon. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 33 



For school drills there should usually be 
two platoons, each with a lieutenant, and 
over all the captain, who is the teacher. 
Or it may be well on occasion for the chil- 
dren to choose a captain from their own 
number, or have the teacher appoint one, 
the teacher merely acting as critic. 

For practical purposes a platoon is most 
conveniently made up of eight soldiers, but 
the number may be varied to six, in which 
case only column of twos can be formed 
and the fours must be dispensed with, or it 
may be twelve as well as eight, with no 
change required. 

Drills are usually given by twelve, sixteen 
or twenty-four children. The ingenuity of 
the teacher on occasion will form plans for 
utilizing other numbers. An odd number, 
however, should always be avoided. 

In general where girls and boys are 
drilled together it is well to have the girls 
in one platoon and the boys in another, the 
two platoons being encouraged to emulate 
each other in the accuracy of their marching. 

COMPANY MANEUVERS 

The military commands are useful in 
drilling squads and platoons, but when it 
comes to company maneuvers for the pur- 



34 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

poses of fancy drill the military commands 
are of little value. Instead, we give a series 
of diagrams, copies of which may be placed 
in the hands of the two lieutenants, and at 
the proper points they can give the neces- 
sary commands as previously described, the 
march being carried out, silent as far as the 
teacher is concerned, merely with signals. 
In most cases the movements of the two 
platoons are exactly complementary, and 
the chief duty of the teacher is to see that 
exact symmetry is preserved. The lead 
must be given to the first lieutenant, and 
the second lieutenant must time his or her 
movements exactly to correspond with the 
first; though the first must always be ready 
to adapt himself or herself to the necessities 
of the other. So while one is given the lead 
the two should be treated as equal before 
the school. 

Fig. 14 shows a simple marching drill 
about a school-room or on a stage. We 
suppose that there is but one entrance, on 
the right of the audience. The marchers 
are divided into two equal platoons, and 
enter abreast in two columns of files. 
Column one stands still while column two 
marches across the rear, shown by the 
blank line. Just as column two comes to 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



35 



the left-hand corner and has turned, column 
one turns sharply to its own left, and the 
- - - -•-« 



4 4 2 

ENTRANCE 
« « I 



FRONT 

Fig. 14. 

two columns come down the stage or 
toward the audience, keeping perfect step 
and maintaining the same distance from 
the front. They turn, meet in the center 
and march back as double column, turning 
to right and left at rear and continuing the 
march. 



ENTRANCE 

» p — P — W — P — p—p- 



< 

-M — * — «- 



4 * ft 4 ir v * » » t » 



ENTRANCE 
« 4 



FRONT 
Fig. 15. 



Fig. 15 shows a room or stage with two 



36 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



entrances. The two columns meet in the 
middle and come forward abreast down the 
center. This will be found easier than the 
preceding, but the turns to right and left 
flanks at the front of the stage should be 
executed with great skill, as they are the 
center of observation. 



A A 


A 


A 


A 


A 


A 


A 


A 


A A 




A A 


A 


A 


A 


A 



Fig. 16 shows 
the arrange- 
ment of a stage 
or room for 
dumb-bell drill. 
The V's should 



FRONT be about four 

FlG - l6 - feet apart and 

arranged so that the second rank will stand 
just behind the vacant spaces in the front 
rank. The V's should show the correct 
angles for the feet and the exact positions 
required. 

Fig. 17 shows one method of bringing a 
chorus or the like on to a stage. The two 
columns enter opposite each other; or they 
may enter abreast on either side from one 
entrance. They march down the middle 
two abreast and divide in front, one going 
to the left and one to the right. When the 
leader reaches the side, on right and left, 
he stops, and the whole front line faces 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 2)7 



front. Those coming behind start another 
line right and left, and when that line is 

ENTRANCE l» f — I* f* — *■ » » 4 — 4—4 — 4 — 4 — 4 4 ENTRANCE 



at- ***** f t t 1» * t 
****** ****** 



FRONT 
Fig. 17. 

filled it faces front, while a third line is 
formed behind them, and so on. Such 
movements should be performed with mili- 
tary precision, as a result of military drill as 
already explained. Each marcher should 
know his rank and position in it, so that 
there can be no confusion. If time is too 
short for making each know his place, care- 
fully instruct the end ones for the right and 
left of each line. 

Fig. 18 shows perhaps a better way of 
filling the stage. The two columns march 
down the front two abreast . and stop. 
Those coming from right and left wheel at 
the rear and form another line from rear to 
front on each side of the first two lines, and 
so on till the stage is filledv This prevents 
any turning about at the front, and the posi- 



38 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



tions can be reached with less confusion 
than in the preceding. 



ENTRANCE * 




4 ENTRANCE 



FRONT 
Fig. 18. 



Fig. 19 shows practically the same move- 
ment as in the preceding, but each column 
to the right and left is one shorter than the 



ENTRANCE «. 




4 ENTRANCE 



FRONT 
Fig. 19. 

preceding, and an aisle is left down the 
middle for a few fancy marchers in costume, 
or the like. The wedge enables you to fill 
the stage creditably with a much smaller 
number, and gives space to the right and 
left at the front for special performers. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 39 



Ranks one and two should Have their posi- 
tions carefully marked with chalk or the 
like, and they face toward the middle aisle 
as the fancy marchers come forward. The 
ranks behind them, however, continue to 
face the audience. 



ENTRANCE 1 




'ENTRANCE 



FRONT 
Fig. 20. 

Fig. 20 shows an arrangement in a series 
of circles. These circles must be carefully 
marked in chalk or the marchers will not be 
able to keep them as they should. After 
stopping they may face directly front, or 
directly out from the center of the circle so 
that elbows and -shoulders touch, and a con- 
tinuous arc is formed. 

Fig. 21 shows perhaps the best arrange- 
ment of the hollow circle. The first arc is 
much shorter than those behind, the ends of 
the rear arcs coming even with the front 
end of the first. The marchers in the first 
short arc will do best to face toward the 



40 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



center of the circle, so that elbows and 
shoulders will stand together. Those in the 



to to to to to 



•I 4 4 n •! 



X'' . * * * **** x'\ 



4 ENTRANCE 



FRONT 
Fig. 21. 



rear arcs may face directly front. This is 
one of the prettiest arrangements for a 
chorus. 




FRONT 
Fig. 22. 

Fig. 22 shows the simplest kind of a fancy 
march for a single column. Two circles are 
drawn on the stage, and the line follows one 
around to the center of the stage, when it 
goes off on the other, coming back to take 
the back portion of the first circle on the 
second round. An officer, or some special 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 41 

attraction, should be placed at the center of 
each circle. 

ENTRANCE 
2 »3» 



r 

* * 


• * 


V 


*- 
■r 


V / \ ... 






\V 






- y v ; - •' 


«r. ! 
"•1 




FRONT 








Fig. 23. 







Fig. 23 shows a more complicated march, 
with three entrances and three divisions, 
the middle division being very small and 
differently costumed from the others. If 
only one entrance is available each division 
may march along the rear of the stage to 
the proper point and theaturn front. First, 
divisions i and 2 proceed toward the front 
abreast at either side of the stage. The 
distance between the marchers should be 
extended to about three feet. Turning 
toward the middle from right and left each 
throws his right foot as far to the left as 
possible, then his left foot as far to the right 
as possible, the feet being lifted well up in 
each case. This produces a sort of zigzag 
dance movement. When the lines finally 



43 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



meet in the middle tjiey zigzag in and out, 
the first two passing each other by stepping 
to the right, the second two by stepping to 
the left of each other, and so on, the zigzag- 
ging being no more than one long step to 
right or left. To keep the march in order 
draw a single line straight across the front 
of the stage. The marchers will then go 
first to the right of this line, then to the left, 
crossing it at about every third step. When 
finally the divisions i and 2 have passed 
each other, they march around the small 
circles on either side and just as the rear 
marchers leave the front and middle por- 
tion of the stage empty, division 3 comes 
down the middle, two abreast, and may 
divide and deploy on either side of a small 
circle between and in front of the other 
two. They will seem to meet directly in 
front, but instead of meeting they will pass 
each other, one portion marching on a 
circle wholly within and slightly smaller 
than the other. The four circles, all 
moving in opposite directions, will produce 
an apparently intricate effect. The marchers 
on the side circles should close up to ordi- 
nary marching distances after performing 
the interlacing movement, and this is 
accomplished by the leader marking time 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 43 



just at the rear of the stage until the others 
can close the line up. An order or a slight 
signal will indicate to the leader when to 
proceed forward at full step. 



► > b • w K "fr 


1i ir 1» -4 M M 


•( « 4 •< 4 < 


\JU A. A 
\ * 


+ ; " < 


h / 












- J» 




FRONT 






Fig. 24. 





Fig. 24 shows a variation of the military 
marching in circles by fours. The two 
columns meet at the middle, the first four 
on either side turning sharply to the front 
and proceeding forward around the circle to 
left and to right, while the columns of files 
continue toward each other omitting the 
first four on either side till they meet again, 
when a second set of fours turns front and 
joins the circle by fours. A large stage or 
open ground is required for this. 

Fig. 25 shows a very pretty winding move- 
ment suitable for a Maypole march, or the 
like. The center is fixed. A single column 
of files enters on the right (of the audience) 



44 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



and marches toward the center of the stage 
from position i, circling on a screw-like line 



V ENTRANCE 



FRONT 

Fig. 25. 

until the column extends to the very center. 
It should be long enough to make a solid 
mass (very nearly), the rear coming up just 
at the back of the stage. When the leader 
of the line has reached the center, all the 
marchers may perform the military move- 
ment "about face," so that the rear of line 
becomes the head. (See also Fig. 31 for a 
turn by forward movement only.) This 
new leader takes the line toward the 
entrance, but turns toward the front of the 
stage in position 2, following the line across 
the front of the stage to the rear again and 
on to position 3. This brings the line to the 
same screw-like circle, but marked in the 
opposite direction, and the march continues 
until the second leader has reached the 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 45 



center. These opposite circles must be 
marked in chalk of different colors, and the 
lines circling inward should be far enough 
apart so that the marching will be free and 
easy. This march will do very well for an 
out-of-doors performance — in fact plenty of 
room is essential for good effect. While 
this involution is going on there may be 
attractions or performances at either side. 





p N» 


H 


P 


P 


•1 


•i 


•I 


4 


M 


« 




p p 


(• 


P 


P 


«i 


•1 


•1 


4 


•1 






^. — 






















( 






J 










"1 













































Fig. 26. 



Fig. 26 shows a marching drill in which 
two divisions march in column back and 
forth across their own halves of the stage, 
finally, turning and marching back along the 
sides. This may easily be varied by those 
in one division entering one rank farther 
front than the other. Then if each is just 
long enough to form one line across the 
stage the two divisions may continue past 
each other; then each turning to the front 
and advancing two ranks, and again turning 
and crossing stage so as to repass each 



46 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



other. This latter makes a good movement 
for a flag drill. 



k k * 

n **" 



* 4 



Fig. 27. 

Fig. 27 shows much the same movement 
as Fig. 26, but up and down the stage 
instead of across. 




Fig. 28. 

Fig. 28 shows two divisions forming com- 
panies of six on either side of the stage, 
turning to face each other, and advancing 
toward each other till they nearly meet, 
then returning by a back step. This chassez 
march is excellent for a wand drill. 

Fig. 29 shows an arrangement for qua- 
drille figures. Two divisions entering from 
either side advance until near the middle, 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 47 

then turn and form three ranks each, 
namely 3, 2 and 1 on left, and ranks 4, 5 and 








9~- 




K" 


■-;;•( 


* 








/ 


N 


*' 


M 


V 








K 




\ 


A 


> y '- 


A 






* 






V 







Fig. 29. 



6 in order on the right. Positions are taken 
about four feet, apart, or double the usual 
column marching distance. Column 3 of 
one division turns to face column 4 of the 
other, and 1 faces 2, and 5 faces 6. 

Nearly all the different quadrille dance 
movements may be performed from these 
positions, each four exchanging places 
diagonally and from forward backward, etc., 
advancing to bow and retire by backing, 
etc. Then the couples in columns 3 and 5 
may turn and face the couples in columns 4 
and 2, while those in columns 1 and 6 may 
perform their parts as if with dummy part- 
ners, or merely standing still to make a sort 
of end frame to the picture. If used in a 
wand drill those in columns 1 and 6 may 
wave their wands over the dancers. 



48 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Fig. 30 shows a somewhat difficult but 
very pretty wheeling movement, suitable for 
a butterfly drill or the like. A fancy figure, 




Fig. 30. 

such as an angel in white, or the like, occu- 
pies the pivot in the middle; the divisions 
enter on either side and halt on reaching 
the center, face front, and then wheel until 
they meet, when they retire by back step. 
By omitting 2, 4 and 6 on one side, and 5 
and 3 on the other, the division on one side 
may wheel directly through the division on 
the other, till a semicircle is formed. On 
reaching the rear they halt, about face, and 
once more perform the semicircle, the two 
lines crossing in the middle. The wheel 
may consist of as many as may be desired, 
or as the size of the stage will accommo- 
date. This movement may be performed 
by two, three or four small divisions, each 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 49 

with its center, those on the right and left 
being somewhat farther front than those in 
the middle. The opening and closing, or 
crossing in circle, of three or more divisions 
forms an ideal butterfly drill. 

This series of company maneuvers might 
be extended indefinitely, but further varia- 
tions maybe left to the individual organizer. 
Much will depend on his or her ingenuity. 
Success in marching or drills will in all cases 
be the result of hard practice, and these 
movements will furnish ample variety for 
practice company drill preparatory to some 
special performance. 



CHAPTER II 



THE MILITARY MANUAL OF ARMS 

Guns are not at all essential to the 
manual of arms. Brooms, walking-sticks, 
or fancy wands will do as well. In all drills 
uniformity and certainty of movement are 
the all important elements, and there is no 
better practice than the common infantry 
manual of arms. 

The present version of the manual sup- 
poses that the arms are brooms, walking- 
sticks, or fancy wands, and the exercises are 
confined to the proper handling of the arms 
whatever they may be. 

The following is the nomenclature of the 
broom, and it may be applied with varia- 
tions to similar styles of arms* 

The wooden part is called the stick. 

The exposed end of the stick is called the 
point. 

The straw part is called the straw, or the 
butt end. 

The end of the straw is called the butt. 
Anything put on one side of the straw, 
such as a ribbon bow, is called the device. 

50 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 5 1 

A ribbon or pencil mark around the stick, 
twelve inches from the straw, is called the 
lower band. 

A ribbon or pencil mark around the stick, 
twelve inches from the point, is called the 
upper band. 

A short round pin driven in a hole bored 
in the stick, six inches from and parallel to 
the butt end or straw, or brads driven in 
where the ends of the pin would project, 
form the guard and the hammer. Holding 
the device upward, the point away from the 
breast, the guard is on the right, and may 
be formed by bending a long brad into a 
hook or staple, or by using a staple for the 
guard. 

The part of the stick between the straw 
and the hammer is called the handle. 

Command. — i. Carry; 2. Arms. 

The arm 1 is held by the right hand hang- 
ing at full length at the side, the point 
upward, the stick in the hollow of the 

1 In this chapter the word "arm" stands for "gun," 
"broom," "cane," or other singular forms of "arms." 
When the arm as a part of the body is referred to it is "fore- 
arm" and "upperarm" written as single words. In giving 
these directions to pupils, the teacher should change "arm" 
to "gun," "broom," or the like, though the word "arms" 
may be retained in the commands, since children like the 
illusion of supposing they carry real guns. 



52 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



shoulder. The device should be to the 
right (outward), and the thumb and fore- 
finger should clasp the guard, while the 
other fingers are closed around the handle 
so that the little finger comes just under the 
hammer. In bringing arms to a carry the 
left hand presses the stick to the right 
shoulder, the fingers of this hand extended 
and held close together, the thumb close to 
the forefinger, the elbow close to the body. 
The left hand is then dropped to the usual 
position at the left side. 

Always fall in at a carry. The following 
commands presuppose the arms held at a 
carry: 

i. Present; 2. Arms. 

The right hand moves the arm directly in 
front of the body; the left grasps the stick 
near the lower band, the forearm held hor- 
izontal and close to the body. The right 
hand then grasps the arm by the handle 
(below the guard and hammer), the thumb 
at the back. 

At the command, 1. Carry; 2. Arms, the 
right hand changes to the position described 
above, the left hand presses the arm to the 
right shoulder, and then drops to the left side. 

1. Sitpport; 2. Arms. 

Count for the various movements. (1) 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 53 

Carry arm in front of middle of body, device 
to the right, and grasp the stick near the 
lower band, raising this hand to the height 
of the chin. (2) Move the arm opposite the 
left shoulder, device to the left; grasp the 
butt with the left hand, thumb and fore- 
finger in front, the point up, the butt close 
to the body, the stick in the hollow of the 
left arm and steadied by the right hand. 
(3) Drop the right hand to the right side. 
1. Carry; 2. Arms. 

(1) Grasp the arm with the right hand at 
the handle and carry it in front of the body, 
turning the device to the right; grasp the 
stick with the left hand near the lower 
band, the left forearm being held horizontal. 

(2) Resume the carry with the right hand. 

(3) Drop the left hand to the side. 
1. Order; 2. Arms. 

(1) Bringing the left hand around toward 
the right so that the forearm is horizontal, 
grasp the arm with the left hand and let go 
with the right. Drop the arm quickly, 
grasping it at once again with the right 
hand above the lower band, the thumb next 
the body, little finger behind the stick, the 
hand near the thigh, the butt about three 
inches from the ground, the left hand 
steadying the arm near the right hand, the 



54 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



fingers extended and joined. (2) Lower the 
arm to the ground with the right hand, drop 
the left to the side, the right forearm hang- 
ing easily with the elbow close to the body, 
back of the hand to the right, fingers 
extended and joined, the stick between the 
thumb and forefinger and vertical, butt near 
the right foot, device to the right. 
1. Carry; 2. Arms. 

(1) Raise the arm with the right hand, at 
the same time seizing it with the left above 
the right, resume the carry with the right 
hand. (2) Drop the left hand. 

Being at order arms, the ler.der com- 
mands: 

1. Parade; 2. Rest. 

Carry the point in front of the center of 
the body, device to the front, grasp the stick 
with the left hand three inches from the 
point, the right hand close under the left; 
carry the right foot three inches straight to 
the rear and throw weight of body upon it. 

1. Company (platoon, squad); 2. Atten- 
tion. 

Resume order arms. 
1. Trail; 2. Arms. 

(Performed from carry.) (1) Same as 
order arms. (2) Incline point to the front, 
butt to the rear, drop left hand by side. 



STANDARD DRILL , AND MARCHING BOOK 55 



i. Charge; 2. Arms. 

Bring the right foot to the rear as in 
"about face," left knee slightly bent. Drop 
the arm into the left hand near the lower 
band, point at the height of the chin, right 
hand grasping the handle and supporting it 
against the right hip, body inclined slightly 
forward. 

1. Carry; 2. Arms. 

Resume the carry position, returning right 
foot to its proper position. 

1. Right shoulder; 2 Arms. 

(1) Raise the arm vertically with the right 
hand, grasp it at the lower band with the 
left hand, raising the whole until the left 
hand is at the height of the chin; at the 
same time clasp the butt with the right 
hand, the front part between the first two 
fingers, the other fingers under the end. 
(2) Raise the arm and place it on the right 
shoulder, device up, point elevated and 
inclined to the left; the left hand slipping 
down to the handle. (3) Drop the left 
hand. 

1. Carry; 2. Arms. 

(1) Carry the butt slightly to the left and 
lower the arm. With the left hand grasp 
the lower band, hand at the height of the 
chin, stick vertical, device to the right. 



56 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

{2) Resume carry wi^h the right hand. (3) 
Drop the left hand. 
1. Port; 2. Arms. 

Toss the arm diagonally across the body, 
device to the front, grasping it at the same 
instant with both hands, right at the handle 
and close to the body, left near the lower 
band, stick sloping upward and crossing 
opposite the point of the left shoulder. 
The palm of the right hand is above, and 
the palm of the left hand below, the nails of 
both hands next the body. Elbows should 
always be held close to the body. 

1. Secure; 2. Arms. 

(From carry.) (1) Advance the arm 
slightly with the right hand, the stick ver- 
tical; grasp it with the left, forearm hori- 
zontal; at the same time change grasp of 
the right hand to the lower band. (2) Drop 
the point to the front, the handle under the 
right arm, the hand supported against the 
hip; drop the left hand to the side. 

1. Carry; 2. Arms. 

Grasp the arm with the left hand, its back 
downward, the hand half way between the 
upper and the lower band, at the same time 
changing the grasp of the right hand to the 
carry position; then drop the left hand to 
the side. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 57 



i. Reverse; 2. Arms. 

(1) Raise the arm vertically with the right 
hand, advancing it slightly; grasp it with 
the left hand near the lower band, the fore- 
arm horizontal, the palm of the hand to the 
front. (2) Reverse the arm with both 
hands, the point sloping slightly to the 
front, the butt passing outside of the right 
upperarm, the stick vertical, the handle 
opposite the right shoulder, device to the 
front. (3) Press the point back with the 
left hand, the arm carried at an angle of 
forty-five degrees, steady it with the right 
upperarm, and carry the left hand behind 
the back, grasping the stick between the 
bands. 

1, Carry; 2. Arms. 

(1) Let go wjth the left hand and grasp 
the stick in front at the lower band, back of 
hand next the body, thumb pointing down- 
ward, right forearm horizontal, stick ver- 
tical. (2) Reverse with both hands, the butt 
passing to the right and rear, outside of the 
right arm; resume carry with the right 
hand. (3) Drop left hand. 

1. Company {platoon, squad); 2. Load. 

(1) Carry right foot to rear as in "about 
face," left knee slightly bent. At the same 
time drop the arm into the left hand near 



58 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

the lower band, the butt end under the 
right upperarm and above the waist, right 
hand at the handle, back to the right; point 
at height of the chin. (2) Carry the right 
hand behind the waist and keep it there 
long enough to open a cartridge box and 
take out a cartridge; then grasp the handle 
again. (The gun is supposed to be a breech- 
loader, of course. The motion for the 
actual slipping in of the cartridge is 
omitted.) 

1. Company; 2. Aim. 

Raise the arm with both hands and place 
the butt firmly against the shoulder, the left 
elbow down, the right elbow as high as the 
shoulder, the body inclined slightly forward. 
Drop the head slightly on the butt end, the 
left eye closed, the forefinger on the guard 
(as if sighting a gun to take aim). 

1. Company; 2. Fire. 

Firing may be imitated by various sounds, 
such as stamping the right foot twice, or 
tapping the floor twice with the right toe, 
the heel remaining on the ground, or by 
some kind of snapping device attached to 
the arm, as for instance a tin plate pulled 
sharply over by a rubber band that can be 
released by the finger. 

1. Fire kneeling; 2. Kneel. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 59 



Bring the left toe square to the front and 
plant the right foot so that the toe shall be 
twelve inches to the rear and twelve inches 
to the right of the left heel, the feet at 
right angles; kneel on the right knee, 
bending the left; support the arm with the 
left hand near the lower band, the forearm 
resting on the left knee, the right hand 
grasping the handle, the point at the height 
of the chin. 

Firing is executed as described above. 

In aiming the arm is supported by the left 
elbow resting on the left knee. 

In loading lower the arm, support it with 
the left hand near the lower band, the left 
forearm resting on the left knee, the point 
at the height of the chin. 

1. Company; 2. Rise. 

If given after firing, rest the left forearm 
on the left knee, the right hand at the 
handle, the point at the height of the chin. 
Rise and face to the front, arms at a carry. 

1. Company; 2. Salute. 

(If without arms.) Raise the right hand, 
back to the front and upward, till tips of 
fingers touch the visor opposite the right 
eye, the thumb closed, the fingers and hand 
extended in prolongation of the forearm, 
the elbow down. Lower the hand briskly. 



60 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



(If with arms.) Raise the left hand and 
arm horizontally to the front of the left 
shoulder, palm downward, fingers extended. 
Carry the hand around (elbow bending) till 
the forefinger strikes the arm in the hollow 
of the right shoulder. Return to extended 
position. Drop hand to the side. 



CHAPTER III 



MANUAL OF THE DUMB-BELL 

There is no special recognized manual of 
the dumb-bell, and variations may be made 
as desired. The following is the manual 
used in one of the best appointed school 
gymnasiums in this country, the object being 
chiefly exercise, of course; but it is also used 
for an annual exhibition. The chief object 
is to get uniformity and freedom in the 
movements. It requires a great deal of 
drill to get any group of persons, young or 
old, to a point at which each can move in 
perfect unison with the rest, as if they were 
parts of an automaton, and yet precisely this 
is what makes the success of any drill of 
this nature. 

Positions are taken as shown in Fig. 16, 
with the feet at the military angle, heels 
together. The arms hang at the side, the 
dumb-bells clasped in the ordinary way in 
the middle, the back of the hand outward, 
the fingers against the seam of the trousers 
or side of the dress. The dumb-bell should 

61 



62 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



be held horizontal to the floor, parallel with 
the sides of the room or stage. 

Each movement three times the same. 

First movement. — Raise the dumb-bells 
briskly under the arm-pits, keeping them 
parallel with the floor, then bring them down 
to the first position still more briskly so as 
to stretch the arms. 

Second movement. — Bring the dumb-bells 
to the chest so that they lie against the 
body, on either side of the breastbone, in- 
clined slightly together at the top. Extend 
the arms briskly, turning the dumb-bells 
slightly so that they will be perpendicular 
to the floor. Bring them back to the breasts 
again. 

Third movement. — Bring the dumb-bells 
over the hollow of the shoulders, the elbow 
outward and well up, the back of the hand 
toward the cheek, the dumb-bell resting on 
the shoulder parallel with the floor. Raise 
briskly straight up, keeping the dumb-bell 
parallel with the floor. Bring back to the 
shoulder. 

Fourth movement. — From the starting 
point of the last movement, dumb-bells 
above the shoulders, extend the arms on 
either side to full length, stopping at a point 
exactly at the height of the shoulders. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 63 

Then return to the shoulders. The dumb- 
bell will form a semicircle from the shoulder 
to the stopping point. Take care that the 
hands do not drop below the shoulder level 
when extended, and that the arms are ex- 
tended to their full length, with no crook in 
the elbow. 

Fifth movement. — Bringing the dumb- 
bells to the side once more, swing them 
forward so as to strike together just in front 
of the body, the arms hanging down full 
length. 

Sixth movement. — From position beside 
the legs swing the dumb-bells backward so 
as to strike opposite ends behind the body 
as low down as possible. 

Seventh movement. — Raise the dumb- 
bells straight up from the side, keeping 
them parallel to the floor, arms extended 
full length, till dumb-bells are at height 
of shoulder. Then smartly strike them 
together in front of the chest. 

Eighth movement. — With dumb-bells at 
height of shoulder, arms extended on either 
side, turn the dumb-bells so that they will 
be perpendicular to the floor instead of 
parallel. Strike together smartly above the 
head, being careful to keep the arms 
extended full length. 



64 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Ninth movement. — With hands hanging 
by the sides, remove them about six inches 
from the body, and by merely turning the 
wrists move the front ends of the dumb- 
bells quickly toward the side of the leg, 
then turn them the other way so that the 
back end will be next the leg, a semicircle 
being described by each end. 

Tenth movement. — Bringing the dumb- 
bells to the chest, as explained in second 
movement, move them straight out in front 
at height of neck, holding them perpendicu- 
lar to the floor and about six inches apart. 
Turn the wrists quickly so that the upper 
ends will come toward each other without 
striking, till the dumb-bell is parallel with 
the floor, then turn back till the lower ends 
are together, the entire movement being 
repeated in quick succession. 

Eleventh movement. — Bring the dumb- 
bells over the shoulders and raise the arms 
straight above the shoulders full length, 
keeping dumb-bells parallel to each other 
and to the floor. Perform wrist movement 
as previously described, turning front ends 
toward each other first. 

Twelfth movement. — From above shoul- 
ders extend arms on either side straight 
out, till hands are at height of shoulder, 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 65 



dumb-bells parallel with the floor, back of 
hands downward. Turn the wrists quickly 
till back end of dumb-bells come to the 
front, and then back again. 

Thirteenth movement. — "The Anvil Cho- 
rus." Advance the right foot at the angle at 
which it stands to a distance of six or eight 
inches, throw the body forward a trifle, bring 
the dumb-bell in the right hand on to the 
knee, so that what was the back end will rest 
on the leg, the other end standing nearly 
straight up (a trifle inclined to the front 
and left). Swing the left arm backward up 
over the shoulder, and bring the front end 
of the dumb-bell down on the upper end of 
the right dumb-bell, striking it lightly (do 
not strike hard enough to bruise the knee), 
then let the hand fall toward the left side, 
bringing it around in a continuous circle to 
strike the second time, and so on. 

Fourteenth movement. — Return the right 
foot to its place, arms to sides, advance the 
left foot, place left dumb-bell on knee and 
strike with right dumb-bell as previously 
described. 

Fifteenth movement. — A pretty variation 
of the anvil chorus may be performed by 
two standing face to face. One raises the 
right dumb-bell to a point directly in front 



66 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



of the neck, holding the upper end forward, 
and the one opposite swings the right arm 
over shoulder and hits the extended dumb- 
bell, when it falls to the side, and the second 
performer raises his left dumb-bell, which is 
struck by the left dumb-bell of the first per- 
former. These movements are repeated 
three times in quick succession, so that the 
arms are kept swinging alternately. In a 
second round the -second performer raises 
his left dumb-bell to be struck by the right 
of the first, thus reversing the interchange. 

The dumb-bell exercise may be ended by 
a single repetition of each movement in 
reverse order, ending with first movement. 



CHAPTER IV 



MANUAL OF THE WAND 

The manual of arms and the manual of 
the dumb-bell are very precise- and mechan- 
ical, and so lacking in grace and delicacy. 
Besides these there is need for something 
more nearly akin to music, and that we find 
in what we will call the manual of the wand. 
It is based on the movements of the baton, 
used by the leader of an orchestra to keep 
time, and all the movements are supposed 
to be timed accurately to music, the length 
of time devoted to each movement varying 
according to the movement of the music. 
With arms and dumb-bells there is no vari- 
ation of time for any given movement. 

Hold the wand lightly in the hand, the 
back of the hand upward, the thumb down, 
height about opposite the armpit, wand 
pointed upward and inward (toward the 
side opposite to that of the hand which 
holds it). 

Holding the wand in the right hand, as 
described above, make the movements to 
waltz music. 

67 



68 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



First movement.— Up three or four inches, 
twice as far to the right, diagonally down to 
starting point. 

Second movement. — Raise the arm 
upward and to the right, elbow slightly 
bent, and lower the point of the wand so 
that the wand will be nearly parallel with 
the floor; then repeat the first movement. 

Third movement. — Bring the hand as far 
around to the left as possible and repeat 
the movement just above the height of the 
left shoulder and nearly in front of it, point 
of wand slightly lowered. 

Fourth movement. — Raise the hand about 
the height of the top of the head, the wand 
parallel with the floor, and to slow music 
move it from right to left a distance of a 
foot or more in a downward curve, the 
point passing from above the left shoulder, 
curve down and up to a point opposite the 
right shoulder at same height and curve 
down and back to first point. 

Fifth movement. — Lower the hand, and, 
with wand pointed slightly downward and 
nearly opposite the left hip, repeat the last 
movement. 

Sixth movement. — Turning the body as 
far to the ri^ht as possible without changing 
the feet, repeat as in fourth movement. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 69 



Seventh movement.— Turning body as far 
as possible to left without changing feet, 
repeat. 

Eighth movement. — Starting with point 
of wand forty-five degrees upward, hand 
opposite left shoulder, curve down to the 
hips, and back to height of head opposite 
right shoulder. 

Ninth movement. — Curving elbow and 
bringing hand directly above the right 
shoulder, wand just above the top of the 
head and parallel with the floor, curve down 
and forward, and up to same height six 
inches to a foot in front of first position. 

Tenth movement. — Holding the wand 
firmly in the hand extend the hand straight 
forward to full length of the arm, and then 
turning the wrist bring the wand over from 
the left at a point in front of the left 
shoulder to a point just opposite, forming 
an upward semicircle, at the same time 
carrying the hand over in a smaller semi- 
circle, then bring it back, lowering the point 
toward the left till the wand points directly 
downward. 

Eleventh movement. — Raising the wand 
in the right hand to a point opposite the 
right shoulder about the height of the head 
and raising the left hand to a similar posi- 



70 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



tion on the left, swing the point of the wand 
around and grasp it with the left hand, 
letting go with the right. With the left 
hand swing the wand as far around to the 
left as possible, then swing it back and 
grasp with the right hand, swing it around 
as far as possible to the right. 

Twelfth movement. — Grasping the end of 
the wand in the left hand, retaining the 
hold of the right, wave it slowly up and 
down with both hands. 

Thirteenth movement. — Grasping with 
both hands bring the wand as far over the 
head to the back as possible, and then curve 
it over the head forward, back and forth. 

Fourteenth movement. — Lowering the 
right hand to a point just opposite the 
middle of the hips in front, raise the wand 
in a long curve over the head and touch the 
left shoulder. Then lower to same position 
where wand is shifted to left hand and 
brought in long curve over the right 
shoulder. 

Fifteenth movement. — Bringing the wand 
to a position at the height of the head, point 
opposite left shoulder, lower it quickly and 
raise, in a movement of three or four inches 
up and down, at the same time slowly mov- 
ing the hand around to the right, then 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 7 1 



zigzag back in the same manner to the 
left. 

Sixteenth movement. — "Good - night 
Bow." Extending the point of the wand 
directly in front as far as possible, opposite 
the right shoulder and at the height of the 
head, bow the whole body profoundly, let= 
ting the wand lower until it touches the floor 
as far away as possible. The left hand may, 
if desired, be also extended as if it held a 
wand; or it may be brought to the breast and 
pressed to the heart flat open as in the old- 
fashioned court bow, 



CHAPTER IV 



NATIONAL SINGING GAMES ON THE STAGE 

Traditional singing games are easily 
adapted to stage exhibitions by reducing 
them to uniformity and order, and having 
them done with military precision. Costume 
also does a great deal, and the simplest 
costumes are usually the most effective. 
For example, the peculiar costumes of 
different nations may be used in playing a 
game peculiar to each nationality. So the 
dress of the farmer, of the dairy-maid, of 
the scrub-woman are effective. The chief 
thing is to get contrast. If the audience is 
made up of city people, well dressed and 
refined, the costume of the street beggar, 
the newsboy, or the match-seller, makes a 
good contrast. 

AMERICAN 

" Soldier Boy y — The children gather in a 
miscellaneous group at the back of the 
stage in right-hand corner. Piano or other 

instrument strikes up the music of "Soldier 

72 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 73 

Boy," and as it does so the leader, dressed 
in full military uniform of navy blue orna- 
mented at pleasure with scarlet and white, 
cap on his head, enters with a large flag on 
the opposite side, and as he marches around 
the stage toward the front the children sing: 

Soldier boy, soldier boy, where are you going, 
Bearing so proudly the red, white and blue? 

The boy answers: 

I'm going where country and duty are calling; 
If you'll be a soldier boy, you may go, too. 

SOLDIER BOY, SOLDIER BOY 
Sol-dier-boy, sol-dier-boy, where are you 



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74 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 







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At the end of this verse the leader should 
stand directly in front of the group of chil- 
dren, facing them, and the boy known as 
No. 2 steps out, and a representation of 
Uncle Sam advances quickly from the left 
wing and throws a military cape, blue with 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 75 



scarlet trimming, around the shoulders of 
the boy chosen, places a cap of white, of 
red, or of red, white and blue on his head, 
and in his right hand a stick about three 
feet long, covered with white, except the 
butt which is covered with red. There 
should be a small flag at the point, a red 
ribbon used for the upper band, described 
in the manual of arms, and a blue ribbon 
used for the lower band. A stripe of red, a 
stripe of white and a stripe of blue close 
together may mark the place of the guard 
and hammer. The boy assumes the mili- 
tary position, his "gun" at a carry, and he 
marches around the stage behind the 
leader, and the same verse is sung again, 
with the same answer. So on till all are 
chosen. 

No military commands are given until the 
entire company is ready, when the leader 
gives a military marching exhibition up and 
down the stage, without music, giving his 
commands in military fashion. Choose 
those marching and other movements from 
the manual which the company can best 
perform. 

Well adapted to a company of eight and 
leader (nine in all). If used for girls substi- 
tute "girl" for "boy" in the song. 



76 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



ENGLISH 

" London Bridge!' — This is one of the 
oldest of the traditional singing games, and 
as here presented is somewhat modified for 
stage purposes. 

Played by any even number of boys and 
an equal number of girls, both dressed in 
the Queen Anne style with ruffs of tissue 
paper, the boys with red stockings, low 
black shoes and black knickerbockers and 
jackets, but yellow waistcoats, the girls with 
long train dresses of old-fashioned figured 
print of a variety of colors. The boys 
march in two columns down the middle of 
the stage from the back to the front, and 
stop when the leaders reach the front. 
Then they halt and turn so as to face each 
other, leaving just room for two columns of 
girls to pass between them snugly. Just 
behind them come the two columns of girls 
who march down the aisle that is left, two 
abreast. The boys raise their arms above 
their heads and wave them toward the girls 
as if to catch the fair ones. 

As they march they sing: 

London bridge is falling down, 
Falling down, 
Falling down, 
London bridge is falling down, 
My fair ladee. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 7/ 



LONDON BRIDGE 



















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London bridge 


is falling down, Falling down, falling down, 

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Lon-don bridge is fall-ing down, My fair la - dy. 
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At each line the raised arms fall forward 
a short distance, returning immediately to 
their places. The girls walk demurely with 
hands down, but join in the song until they 
start down the aisle. As they do so they 
keep silent and the boys sing alone. When 
the leading pair of girls reaches the front 
pair of boys, which should be timed to take 
place just on u My fair ladee," each boy 
drops his arms in front of and behind the 
girl before him, holding the arms extended 
straight forward, but immediately the boy 



78 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



on the right links his left arm into the right 
arm of the girl nearest him, and the boy on 
the left links his right arm into the girl's 
left, and the march continues without a 
break, the boy and girl on each side going a 
few steps apart, while the two columns of 
girls continue around to the rear to come 
down the aisle once more, when two other 
girls are taken by the two front boys, and so 
on till all are chosen. If more time is re- 
quired, one girl may be chosen for each two 
verses. For the sake of variety, the boys 
may sing the first verse, the girls the second, 
and so on, since the second, fourth, etc., are 
in a way answers to those preceding. 

Each pair of girls and boys when chosen 
goes off to right and left and takes position 
near the back of the stage, facing each 
other, in imitation of the two lines of boys 
in the center, and they raise their hands in 
a sort of bridge and join in the song. The 
second two pairs join them, until two short 
aisles are formed on either side of the main 
aisle. When all have been chosen the ranks 
face front, each boy beside his girl, and they 
march about the stage once or twice before 
going off. 

As many of the following verses may be 
used as are needed: 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Build it up with iron bars, 

Iron bars, iron bars, 
Build it up with iron bars, 
My fair ladee. 

Iron bars will bend and break, 

Bend and break, bend and break, 
Iron bars will bend and break, 
My fair ladee. 

Build it up with gold and silver, 

Gold and silver, gold and silver, 
Build it up with gold and silver, 
My fair ladee. 

Gold and silver* 11 be stolen away, 

Stolen away, stolen away, 
Gold and silver' 11 be stolen away v 
My fair ladee. 

Get a man to watch all night, 

Watch all night, watch all night, 
Get a man to watch all night, 
My fair ladee. 

Suppose the man should fall asleep, 

Fall asleep, fall asleep, 
Suppose the man should fall asleep, 
My fair ladee. 

Get a dog to bark all night, 
Bark all night, bark all night, 

Get a dog to bark all night, 
My fair ladee. 



SO STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Suppose the dog should meet a bone, 

Meet a bone, meet a bone, 
Suppose the dog should meet a bone, 
My fair ladee. 

Get a cock to crow all night, 

Crow all night, crow all night, 
Get a cock to crow all night, 
My fair ladee. 
Etc., etc. 

FRENCH 

"Lady Fair, Oh, Lady Fair!' — For one girl 
who is graceful and pretty and any number 
of other girls and boys. 

A screen may be set up on the stage a 
trifle to one side and garlanded with flowers 
to represent a bower. The girl who wears 
the various garments, etc., described, should 
have them all on, but each separately 
covered up in some inconspicuous way. 
The covers are to be slipped off behind the 
screen by some person stationed there. 

The children are appropriately grouped 
on either side the middle of the stage. The 
leader of "Fair Lady" comes from behind the 
screen while all sing (except her): 

Lady fair, oh, lady fair, 

Tell what dress you wish to wear, 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 8 1 



Wish to wear, wish to wear, 
Tell what dress you wish to wear. 

She advances slowly and very daintily 
with many fine airs down the middle of the 
stage. When the above ends she sings: 

Since you ask me I will tell, 
Dress of satin suits me well. 

All echo: 

Dress of satin suits her well, 
Suits her well, suits her well. 

This should be repeated till she can back 
down with her airy graces and many bows, 
disappearing behind the screen for a 
moment, only to return as soon as possible 
with a gaily colored French cut dress of 
satin exposed to view. 

There is a pause of a few seconds in the 
singing just before she appears, when all 
greet her with 

Oh, look at our lady, oh, look at our lady, 
A dress of satin she wishes to wear. 

The groups on both sides at once come 
forward, and forming a- circle about the 
lady, joining hands, dance around her 
repeating the above chorus. 



82 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



LADY FAIR, OH, LADY FAIR 



Chorus. , , 


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Once more the children separate into two 
groups, and as the lady walks about with 
her fine airs and graces well displayed, they 
sing the second verse like the first one. 

Second Verse 

Lady fair, oh, lady fair, 

Tell what shoes you wish to wear. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 83 



Since you ask me I will tell, 
Shoes of morocco suit me well. 

Oh, look at our lady, oh, look at our lady, 
Shoes of morocco she likes to wear. 



Third Verse 



Lady fair, oh, lady fair, 

Tell what hat you wish to wear. 



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Dress of sat - in suits _ rue well. 

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dress of sat - in she'll wear. 



84 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Since you ask me I will tell, 
A hat of feathers suits me well. 

Oh, look at our lady, oh, look at our lady > 
A hat of feathers she likes to wear. 

Fourth Verse 

Lady fair, oh, lady fair, 

Tell what necklace you wish to wear. 

Since you ask me I will tell, 

A necklace of diamonds suits me well. 

Oh, look at our lady, oh, look at our lady, 
A necklace of diamonds she likes to wear. 

Other verses may be added at pleasure. 
It will in most cases be advisable to concen- 
trate the finery on the "lady fair," the rest 
of the children making no attempt at 
costume, though of course Louis XIV. 
costumes would be pleasing and appro- 
priate. 

GERMAN 

"Hansel and Gretel Dance!' — Children 
costumed like German peasants, the girls 
with plain long dresses, very high waisted, 
hair parted in the middle and combed 
plainly down to a braid down the back, a 
kerchief around the neck crossed in front; 
boys to suit convenience. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 8$ 



They march on to the stage, the girls on 
one side and the boys on the other, and 
come down the middle of the stage, turning 
so as to face each other and form an aisle 
between. 

The girl and boy at the head of the line 
sing: 

Little playmate dance with me, 
Both your hands now give to me. 

Point your toe, 

Away we go, 
Up and down the merry row. 

Corresponding with the words they join 
both hands, heel and toe, and dance down 
the line and back again to their places. 

Then all turn so as to face front, and 
while the first couple dances down the line 
to take their places at the rear the whole 
line advances, each front couple dancing 
down the line to fill up the rear, all singing: 

With your feet go tap, tap, tap, 
With your hands go clap, clap, clap, 

Point your toe, 

Away we go, 
Up and down the merry row. 

When one round has been made, the lines 
once more halt and face each other, and the 
first couple sings: 



86 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Little playmate dance with me, etc. 
ending, 

And now we leave the merry row. 

With this the couple dance off the stage 
at the rear, and the next couple follows, till 
only one couple is left standing alone. 
They begin, 

Little playmate dance with me, 

then suddenly stop, and crying 

Hello, 
Let's go, 

scamper off the stage in comic manner. 

If the game is played with spirit there is 
likely to be an encore, when the troupe can 
return and go through the same exercise 
again. 

This is a very old German folk dance, 
adapted to present requirements. 



HANSEL AND GRETEL DANCE 




Lit - tie playmate, dance with me, Both your hands now 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 87 



give to me. Point your toe, [away we go, 



Up "and down the 'mer-ry row. With your feet go 



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Point your toe, away we go, Up and down the merry row. 



13 



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88 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



BOHEMIAN 

"Character Dance!' — The children are 
arranged in two lines, alternately girls and 
boys, a girl leading the first line, a boy the 
second. They enter as in Fig. 14, either 
from one entrance or from two at opposite 
sides of the stage. The first line marches " 
to the front on the right of the stage, the 
second line on the left of the stage, crossing 
in front to meet in the middle. As they 
march they sing, 

Annie goes to the cabbage patch, cabbage patch, 

cabbage patch, 
Seeking there some fresh green leaves to feed her 

rabbits fine. 

The same tune is repeated with tra, la, la, 
until the two lines are about six feet apart; 
then all, fixing their eyes on the leading pair, 
begin to sing, 

Johnny sees her, ha, ha, ha (clapping). 

At this the boy starts forward in advance 
of his line as if to join the girl in a dance, 
while those in his line sing, 

Now he'll catch her, tra, la, la (tapping the floor 
with toes). 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 89 



Those in the opposite line (the girl at the 
head) answer, 

No, no, no, go away, 

She'll not dance with him to-day. 

The girl puts out her hands in front as if 
to ward off the attack, her line stopping. 
As the boy comes up to her she suddenly 
pirouettes on her toes, whirling around as 
she dances', the boy following in the same 
manner, each dancing across the stage in 
opposite directions to take their places at 
the bottom of their own lines. 

In the meantime the boy on the other 
side rushes forward to dance with his 
partner, her line halting and singing as she 
puts out her hands to repel him, 

No, no, no, go away, 

She'll not dance with him to-day. 

Then this pair circle off to the bottom of 
the line, which should not be too long. 

After three or four couples have danced 
off this way the line may advance down the 
stage to the rear, halt, turn face to face, a 
girl opposite each boy, singing as they 
march again, 

Annie goes to the cabbage patch, etc. 



90 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Then as they face they begin once more, 

Johnny sees her, ha, ha, ha; 
the boy sings, 

Now I'll catch you, tra, la, la (stamping); 
the girl answers, 

No, no, no, go away (threatening with her hands), 
I'll not dance with you to-day. 

With that she pirouettes down the outside 
of her line, and he dances down the outside 
of his; but they meet at the rear and dance 
up the line together, and back again, the 
tune being carried with tra, la, la. The 
same performance is repeated with the 
couple remaining at the head, the line 
moving slightly toward the front by turning 
first on their heels, then on their toes, so 
not losing their positions, or they may side- 
step as the soldiers do. 

BOHEMIAN DANCE 




An - nie goes to the cabbage patch, Cab-bage patch 



m 



£3 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 9I 




cabbage patch, Seeking there some fresh green leaves, To 



fE 


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feed her rab-bits fine. Jor 

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n - ny sees her, 
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ha, ha, ha, N 
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ow he'll catch her, 
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92 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

At last they march around and leave the 
stage singing: 

Annie went to the cabbage patch, etc., 
ending, 

Johnny saw her, ha, ha, ha (no clapping this 1 
time), 

He didn't catch her, tra, la, la. 

No, no, no, 

Away we go. 
How do you like our dancing, oh? 

No, no, no, 

Away we go. 
How do you like our dancing, oh? 



CHAPTER VI 



FARM AND HOME DRILLS 

"Oats, Pease, Beans and Barley Grow! 1 — As 
a children's game this is one of the oldest 
whose origin we can trace. It is played in 
every civilized country in the world, and in 
England alone eighteen different tunes are 
known with pretty much the same words. 

Children should be costumed as fathers, 
the boys with beards under their chins, or 
long pointed chin whiskers. They march in 
in one file, turning and advancing to the 
front along one side. As they march they 
sing in chorus: 

Oats, pease, beans, and barley grow, 
Oats, pease, beans, and barley grow. 
Can you or I or any one know 
How oats pease, beans, and barley grow? 

As the line reaches the front it crosses 
the front of the stage and halts, when it 
continues the song thus, each imitating the 
actions of the farmer: 

Thus the farmer sows his seed (hold up the left 
arm as if holding a measure and swing the right 
as if sowing grain), 

93 



94 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



OATS, PEASE, BEANS AND BARLEY GROW 



12 



s j — t 



Oats, pease, beans and barley grow, Oats, pease, beans and 



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bar-ley grow, Can you or I or an - y - one know 
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How oats, pease, beans and bar - ley grow? 
■#■ -#- -$?>. -m- -0- -m- i 



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m 



Thus the farm - er sows his seed, Thus he stands and 



i b i 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 95 



i 



-4 — * 



* — * 



lakes his ease, Stamps his foot and claps his hands, And 



§5 



turns around and views his lands. Tra la la la la la, 



5=F 



^ — a — a — 



Tra 

=£= 



la la la la la, Tra la la la 



§5 



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la la la, Tra la la la la la la la. 



§5 



»■■ » 



g6 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



Thus he stands and takes his ease (fold the arms 
and look independent, throwing the weight on 
one foot), 

Stamps his foot and claps his hands (perform 
actions) 

And turns around and views his lands (look 
about with lordly gaze) 

The marching begins again with the tune 
carried to tra, la, la. The line turns imme- 
diately and crosses the stage about half way 
to the back, and then the line halts and 
forms the arc of a circle (bow backward), 
with leader in the center. The song is 
repeated with the leader doing all the 
mimicry of the farmer. 

At the close the tra, la, la chorus is sung 
as the circle closes up and dances around 
the leader, the leader of the line finally 
bringing the line off the stage. 

" The Mulberry Bushy — This is an old 
American singing game here adapted to 
exhibition purposes. It is best suited to 
girls of eight to fourteen, who should be 
dressed as housemaids. 

An imitation of a mulberry bush is placed 
in the center of the stage and a single line 
enters, and joining hands, circles about it 
singing: 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 9/ 



THE MULBERRY BUSH 



-N-t — I- 



— *r rT* 

Here we go roand the mul - ber-ry bush, The 



-# — « — # — &- 



* * * * 

rtml-ber-ry bush, the mulberry bush. Here we go round the 



mul-ber-rybush, So ear - ly in the morn - ing 



i 



At the close of the verse all face the front 
and the circle wheels into a line at the front 
of the stage, slightly more than marching 
distance from each other. The next verse 
is sung in unison to the same tune, the girls 
vigorously iimtating the action described. 



98 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



This is the way we wash our clothes, 

We wash our clothes, we wash our clothes, 
This is the way we wash our clothes, 
So early Monday morning. 

This is the way we iron our clothes, 

We iron our clothes, we iron our clothes, 

This is the way we iron our clothes, 
So early Tuesday morning. 

This is the way we scrub the floor, 
We scrub the floor, we scrub the floor, 

This is the way we scrub the floor, 
So early Wednesday morning. 

This is the way we mend our clothes, 
We mend our clothes, we mend our clothes, 

This is the way we mend our clothes, 
So early Thursday morning. 

This is the way we sweep the house, 

We sweep the house, we sweep the house, 

This is the way we sweep the house, 
So early Friday morning. 

This is the way we bake our bread, 

We bake our bread, we bake our bread, 

This is the way we bake our bread, 
So early Saturday morning. 

This is the way we go to church, 
We go to church, we go to church, 

This is the way we go to church, 
So early Sunday morning. 

The chorus and circling about the mul- 
berry bush follow each verse. With the 
last verse the hands are folded as in prayer 
in front of the breast and the maidens 
meekly march off the stage while singing it. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



99 



"Garden Game!' — This drill is adapted 
from the French, and is well suited to a 
company of boys, but may be performed by 
girls also. 

The performers should be dressed as 
farm laborers. 

March across back of stage until line may 
turn and all face the front abreast. As the 
song begins the whole line advances abreast 
toward the front of the stage, each per- 
former imitating the spading of a garden at 
each step, first lifting the right foot and 
putting it down with hands forward as if 
holding handle of spade and forcing the 
blade into the ground with the foot; then 
the same with the left foot, etc. 

With the second verse, imitate raking 
while backing in a line abreast to the rear 
of the stage. 

With third verse advance again, sowing 
the seed; with fourth verse, back to rear, 
pulling the weeds; advance, planting the 
beans; back to rear, hoeing the corn. 

With last verse form a column of files 
and march around the stage so as to cross 
the front with right hands toward the audi- 
ence. Perform the act of picking fruit by 
putting up the hand and pulling it down, as 
if reaching for an apple and plucking it. If 



100 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



necessary the last verse may be repeated, 
continuing the song till all are off the stage. 



GARDEN GAME 



8zab 



This is how we spade the ground, In our 



§ 



gar-den, in our gar-den, This is how we spade the 

1~- — t— 



S 



ground, In our pret - ty gar - den bed. 



2d. — This is how we rake the round, etc. 
3d. — This is how we sow the seed, etc. 
4th. — This is how we pull the weeds, etc. 
5th. — This is how we plant the beans, etc. 
6th. — This is how we hoe the corn, etc. 
7th. — This is how we pick the fruit, ^tc. 



CHAPTER VII 



HOLIDAY DRILLS AND MARCHES 

In any successful drill there is necessarily 
a certain amount of originality, and no 
teacher or leader worthy of the name will 
wish to carry out exactly any particular set 
of exercises. In the marching movements 
described in the first chapter, the manual of 
arms described in the second, the dumb-bell 
manual described in the third, and the 
manual of the wand described in the fourth, 
an ample number of single exercises may 
be found which may be combined as may 
be desired in an infinite number of ways. 
The size of the stage or room, the 
entrances, the number of marchers or 
drillers, etc., will all go to determine just 
how the exercises shall be arranged. 

To make such exercises fascinating, how- 
ever, a dramatic element should be intro- 
duced. Too many drill books give mere 
mechanical combinations, the chief interest 
in them being in the costumes, which are 
often arbitrary. In the following we shall 
indicate a series of dramatic procedures, each 

IOI 



102 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



with appropriate costumes for each holiday, 
not giving the exact exercises, but simply 
indicating in a general way what may best 
be selected from the various manuals given. 

Washington's birthday 

Appropriate exercises may be arranged 
in various ways, the story of the hatchet 
seeming to offer one of the most popular 
subjects for exercises. This is trite, how- 
ever, and since George was a naughty boy 
when he cut down the cherry tree a brigade 
of choppers is of doubtful propriety. 

A more interesting exercise may be 
arranged by eight representing American 
colonial soldiers, with their cocked hats and 
buff and blue uniforms; eight representing 
British soldiers, with uniforms largely red, 
with blue, and four representing Indians 
with tomahawks. The soldiers cany sticks 
for guns, with the American and British 
flags at the points. 

We have military marching and the 
manual of arms (such selections as leader 
may choose). 

First the Americans enter, each with a 
feather in his cap. to the tune of "Yankee 
Doodle," singing. Guns over shoulder. 
Enter on the right (of audience). When 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK IO3 



opposite center of stage order "by the left 
flank," and all face front, marching to front 
of stage. They lift the feet rather high, 
carrying them slightly to left (for right) and 
right (for left foot). Their commander is a 
representation of George Washington. 
While the march is well trained it is free 
and easy. When front is reached, order "to 
the rear," and as they march to the rear each 
soldier, with gun over shoulder, looks around 
slyly at audience. After a few quick move- 
ments, exit. 

British, commanded by Lord Cornwallis, 
enter from the left side and execute the 
same movements to tune of "Tommy 
Atkins," but not singing. Guns at carry. 
The step and entire movement is very stiff 
and strictly in military order. There is no 
levity or lightness. After exactly the same 
movements, exit on left. 

Finally enter the four Indians with only 
the softest music, lights lowered, toma- 
hawks in right hands. Indians crouch and 
skip in a zigzag from back to front; then 
backward, etc., carrying out the same gen- 
eral set of movements, but with the longest 
possible steps, bodies crouched down. 

After retirement of Indians enter Ameri- 
cans on left, British on right, turn immedi- 



104 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



ately in column to front of stage, halt and 
turn so as to face each other, arms at a 
carry. Order to both, "charge." Meet in 
middle of stage, flags crossing, then retire 
slowly by back step; three times. 

After third retirement enter Indians, 
forming line at back of stage about four 
feet apart and charge down to front of 
stage in long step, crouching movement, 
and retire back. 

British and American ranks separate 
slightly so that the files can pass each other, 
and once more charge, each company 
passing through the other and coming out 
on the other side to opposite sides of stage. 
As the ranks meet in the middle, Indians on 
either side rapidly zigzag down to the front 
before the advancing lines, two on right and 
two on left, and back to rear before the 
advancing soldiers get in their way. This 
movement must be very quick and Indians 
must deviate somewhat to right and left in 
order to escape soldiers. 

When soldiers reach left and right sides 
of stage, order "to the rear," and they turn 
and charge back again, once more passing 
through each other's lines, this time with 
order "double quick." 

Americans face rear, British front, and 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK IO5 



march in column, Indians falling into the 
line as it goes around the stage three times. 
Finally, when Americans are at the rear, 
British across stage at front, order "by right 
or left flank" brings them once more march* 
ing to meet each other. On meeting they 
retire, the Indians forming line close in 
rear of British. British immediately charge 
again and Americans stand to meet the 
attack, which is repelled, but Americans 
retire a few steps and British turn and 
march to front of stage, two Indians on left, 
two on right, where they halt and go 
through manual of arms, Indians imitating 
them with tomahawks. 

Once more march around the stage, and 
when Americans are at front and British 
at rear, charge again. British are driven 
back as in preceding, Indians on side of 
Americans this time. Americans then come 
to front and go through manual of arms, 
Indians with them. 

March around the stage, halting British 
at left, Americans at right. Two leaders 
come forward and bow to each other as 
Washington receives sword of Cornwallis 
and returns it to him. Soldiers then 
advance half the distance, halt and salute. 
Indians stand between the two lines looking 



106 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 

curiously on. Lines again advance a few 
steps and salute. Leaders together retire 
to rear and lines form in V, as in Fig. 30, 
Indians on either side at front. March 
ends by all singing "America" together, 
lines slowly backing to rear and Americans 
going out on right, British on left. 

MEMORIAL DAY 

Music, "The Blue and the Gray." Eight 
in blue, eight in gray. Also a leader for 
each company. Enter on either side of 
stage with wands, to the end of each a small 
green wreath being attached, or wreaths of 
various flowers (red, white and blue if 
desired) that may be made of tissue paper. 

March as in Fig. 28, going through wand 
manual (except exercises requiring wand to 
be carried over head), the effect being a 
sort of benediction the one to the other. 
Meet, cross wands and retire by back steps 
three times. Marching in Figs. 26 and 27. 
Form column of files at rear and both com- 
panies, one on right and one on left, abreast 
of each other (or if there is not room for 
this, in double ranks, or columns of four 
abreast), march to front, executing wand 
movements toward audience; retire by back 
step, continuing the movements; again 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 10? 

advance with wands held steady. At front 
halt and lay wands over front of stage so 
that wreaths will hang beyond stage in a 
row. Retire by back step to very slow 
music; at rear face left and right, and retire 
from stage in column of files. 

FOURTH OF JULY 

Any number of girls with blue short skirts 
and stockings, white waists and small red 
round caps and red slippers (common 
slippers may be covered with red paper for 
the occasion); or boys with long trousers of 
blue, with red stripes down the seams, blue 
jackets trimmed with red, caps of red, white 
and blue, and white shoes. 

Girls perform the manual of the dumb- 
bell with a tambourine in right hand, using 
fist for left dumb-bell. The movements 
which do not require striking the tambour- 
ine may be omitted, and in their places 
there may be drum-stick movements of the 
hand on the tambourine while marching in 
selection of Figs. 20 to 30. Boys may per- 
form exactly the same exercises simultane- 
ously, with small hoops (such as those used 
for embroidery) covered with red, white and 
blue. Of course there is complete silence, 



108 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



except that in marching the boys may bring 
their left feet down rather heavily. 

The Washington's Birthday drill is also 
very suitable to Fourth of July. 

Another appropriate exercise is the wand 
drill with small sleighbells attached to the 
ends of the wands, and painted alternately 
red, white and blue. Suitable for boys and 
girls alike. Marching movements as in 
Fig. 29, also Fig. 28, are appropriate for 
this drill, marching and drill alternating or 
simultaneous. 

CHRISTMAS 

Twelve girls in two divisions of six each, 
or twenty-four girls in three divisions of 
eight each, or twenty girls in three divisions 
of eight, eight and four, or sixteen in three 
divisions of six, six and four. Dressed in 
white with silver slippers, short skirts and 
silver braid hanging down from waist nearly 
to bottom of skirt (six to eight strips) with 
silver bell or silver star at the bottom of 
each strip; also a short strip of silver braid 
from each shoulder with a bell at bottom, 
two front, two back; girdle of silver, pointed 
front and back; crown of silver or gilt, 
with silver star in middle of forehead and 
sprigs of green in the hair with silver tinsel 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK IOQ, 



mingled through it; three small silver stars 
hanging from wrist of each sleeve. They 
are supplied with silver wands about 
eighteen inches long, at the end of each a 
silver or gold star about four inches across, 
with a silver bell from each angle except 
that by which star is attached to wand 
loosely. The wand is carried in the right 
hand, while in the left is a small taper, 
which may be of different colors (such 
tapers as are used on Christmas trees). 

The two larger sections may be of small 
girls, the middle section of larger girls 
dressed in fuller, more flowing dresses, of 
white open gauze-like goods over a pale 
pink background. These may have gilt 
stars instead of silver. 

Enter to march music as in Fig. 23. 

Fall into single line, larger girls in lead, 
and march as in Fig. 22. 

Forming two divisions (third division 
halved between two others), march as in 
Figs. 26 and 27. 

Take positions as in Fig. 29. Waltz 
music. Perform wand drill, turning alter- 
nately to each of six angles, first toward 
diagonally - opposite partner in groups of 
four as indicated, then toward opposite 
partner in adjoining groups, then whirling 



110 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



half way around to diagonally - opposite 
partner in group at rear, then repeat with 
partner directly opposite. Each turns in a 
direction just opposite to his next neighbor 
in same rank, and so that two will face at 
each turn. One wand movement (three 
times) toward each partner. Turning is 
very slow, and wand movement is continued 
while turning. 

Then let diagonally - opposite partners 
exchange places; advance and retire; whirl 
about and exchange places with directly 
opposite partners, returning to own places, 
the wand drill movements being continued 
at the same time. 

End by repeating Fig. 23, and retire from 
stage by Fig. 22. 

If a more solemn Christmas drill is 
desired, as for a church festival, it may take 
place as described above to singing of "Star 
of Bethlehem," first marching in Figs. 26 
and 27, or Fig. 23, and then taking positions 
on the stage with open ranks as in Fig. 19, 
the middle divisions continuing to march, 
while the others perform the wand drill. 

Taking up the song again, or any similar 
song, march and form successively Figs. 20 
and 21, in each position performing portions 
of the wand drill. 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK III 



The final marching may include also the. 
following movements (Figs. 31 and 32). 















\ 

\ 

\ 

V 


1 ' 1 

1 1 f 1 
t 

\ / 
1 1 / 
• 1 / 






1 

% 


• 1 / 
1 1 / 






\ 


1 | ■ m i 






\ 

\ 


l / 
1 . / 






i 


, / 
1 / 

i / 






\ 

1 \ 


1 1 * 






\ 

\ 

\ 


1 | / 
1 V ' 
» 1 ' 













FRONT— Fig. 32. 




FRONT— Fig. 31. 



112 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 
THANKSGIVING 

The wand drill may be performed with 
wands in the form of large sized turkey 
drumsticks. Little boys with yellow puffs 
(yellow cloth stretched over wire) about 
their bodies represent pumpkins. Music, 
"Jingle Bells." 

ARBOR DAY 

A combination of military arms drill and 
wand drill, with sticks cut in the woods, 
about two feet long, to the upper end of 
which a bunch of leaves remains attached, 
or is tied on with a red ribbon. 

MAY DAY 

The Maypole [is placed in the middle, 
with ribbons of different colors hanging 
from it. The children march in and circle 
around it, each taking a ribbon which is 
held out in the proper direction by a small 
stick near the base of the pole. Then they 
circle round the pole, first in one direction, 
then in the other, each time turning to the 
rear in circular column, singing some one of 
the May Day songs. 

March in Fig. 25. 

Dance round the pole as before. 

The German "Snail Game," the French 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK H3 



"Shepherdess" and the "Bush Faggot" 
songs and games may be adapted to this 
occasion. 

MISCELLANEOUS 

Rainbow Drill. — Leader in pure white, 
four in red, five in yellow, six in blue, or a 
similar increasing division with red, orange, 
yellow, green and blue. Half hoops striped 
lengthwise with all colors of the rainbow. 

Figs. 20 and 21, either single or double 
bow, in or out, may be formed alternately 
by marching backward and forward, the 
end performers marching faster and farther 
than the middle, so that the bow is first out- 
ward, then inward. 

Follow by breaking into columns of twos, 
columns of fours, double columns of files, 
etc., suddenly turning to the front in the 
rainbow order of colors, thus producing the 
effect of dissolving and appearing. 

Butterfly Drill. — Girls in appropriate cos- 
tumes to imitate butterflies with wings 
fastened to shoulders. Velvet dresses are 
best, but any other material in rich dark 
browns, dark reds, etc., will do. 

Fig. 30, with its lines opening and 
closing, and the two lines passing each 
other, is especially adapted to this exercise. 



114 STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 



If the wings can be moved slowly by each 
performer by invisible threads or wires 
attached to them the effect will be prettier. 

Taper Drill. — Choir boys in long surplices, 
each with a taper in his hand, marching in 
such figures single file as Figs. 26, 27 and 32, 
also 28, and chanting, for example, Kipling's 
"Recessional," will be effective. 

Cuban, Spanish and American Flag; Drill. 
— This may be arranged with boys as 
Spanish, girls as Americans and girls or 
boys as Cubans, and conducted like the 
Washington's birthday, American, British 
and Indian drill, the Cubans in more regu- 
lar order and having their guns with flags 
attached, taking the place of the Indians. 

Flower Drill. — The wand drill, with 
marching, is very pretty when flowers of 
one kind, as roses or carnations or sunflow- 
ers, or the like, are attached to the ends of 
the wands; or flowers may be held in the 
hand and used in place of wands. 

Chinese, Japanese Drill. — Any one of the 
three-company drills may be arranged with 
Chinese or Japanese costumes (Figs. 19 and 
23), the small middle section being made up 
of specially dressed girls, who may sing the 
Mikado song, "Three Little Maids from 
School Are We," dancing about the stage 



STANDARD DRILL AND MARCHING BOOK 1 1 5 



half bent over, with very short steps, while 
others perform the wand drill or the manual 
of arms with Japanese or Chinese umbrellas. 

Dairy-maids Drill. — The dumb-bell man- 
ual performed with tin pans held by girls 
dressed in short skirts and white aprons, 
like dairy-maids. Marching with pans held 
in both hands in front, as if full of milk, and 
singing some dairy-maid song. 

Fan Drill. — This is the same as the wand 
drill, except that between each movement 
the fans are thrown wide open and flirted 
back and forth, being quickly closed again 
for the next wand movement. 

Doll Drill. — Simply marching in circle 
about some one sitting at a tea table as if 
receiving visitors. There may be two or 
three such social centers, and marching 
may be as in Fig. 23. At each reception 
girls circle about the receiver, kneeling, for 
instance, and presenting the doll, which 
may be touched by a wand. Singing while 
marching some one of the various dolly 
songs. 

Broom Drill. — Manual of arms with 
brooms. 

Cane Drill. — Manual of arms with canes. 
(See Manual of Arms.) 



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Post Office or Express Money Order, or a Draft 
on New York or Chicago, payable to Frederick J. 
Drake & Company. When these are not procurable, 
Cash may be sent in a Registered Letter. Unused 
United States postage stamps of the denomination 
of ten cents or under will be received as cash in 
amounts less than one dollar. Soiled stamps, or 
stamps other than those of the United States, and 
personal checks or drafts on local banks cannot be 
accepted. 



CATALOGUE OF F. J. DRAKE & CO. 



Frederick J. Drake & Company's 

CATALOGUE OF 

Standard Up-to=Date Hand Books 
on the following Subjects: 

Dialogues, Recitations, Tableaux, 

Charades, Pantomimes, Mock Trials, 

Monologues, Drills, Marches, Minstrel 
and. Entertainment Books, Magic, 
Palmistry, Hypnotism, Black Art, 
Electricity, Speakers, Poultry, 
Letter Writers, Dream Books, 

Fortune Tellers, Popular Dramas, 
Photography, Etiquette, Dancing, 
Etc., Etc., Etc., Etc. 



Each book in this list is the work of a com- 
petent specialist, and will be found reliable, 
practical and thoroughly up-to-date. 

Any Book Advertised in This Catalogue Sent, 
Postpaid, on Receipt of Price. 
FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., 
352-356 Dearborn St., Chicago. 
SEND FOR COMPLETE CATALOGUE. 



Frederick J. Drake & Co's 

New Century Series of Popular 
Up-to-Date Books 

You can derive more solid, practical and valuable instruction from this 
series of little books than from any other source. 

Each book is printed from new, large type, 90 a fine quality of wove 
paper, making them the very best yet offered to our customers. 




BROWN'S BUSINESS LETTER WRITER 
AND BOOK OF SOCIAL FORMS. gr^J; 

M. The most complete practical compendium of 
correspondence and business forms ever published. 
Gives full instructions for writing, and specimens 
of Business Letters, Legal Forms, Leases, Deeds, 
Wills, Contracts ; models for Refined Love-Letters, 
covering Courtship, Engagements, Marriage ; Social 
Forms, Invitations, Acceptances, Regrets, Condol- 
ences ; Family Letters for Parents, Guardians and 
Children ; How to address the President and Gov- 
ernment Officials. Also leading synonyms. It will 
tell you anything you really need in the way of a 
letter. 2C8 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 



NORTH'S BOOK OF LOVE LETTERS. 

With directions how to write and when to use 
them. By Ingoldsby North. This is a branch of 
correspondence which fully demands a volume 
alone to provide for the various phases incident fco 
Love, Courtship and Marriage. Few persons, how- 
ever otherwise fluent with the pen, are able to ex- 

f>ress in words the promptings of the first dawn of 
ove, and even, the ice broken, how to follow up a 
correspondence with the dearest one in the whole 
world and how to smooth the way with those who 
need to be consulted in the matter. It also contains 
the Art of Secret Writing. The language of Love 

?ortrayed, and rules in grammar. 160 pages, 
aper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth 50 Cents 

PRACTICAL ETIQUETTE. 





A strictly modern book on politeness. Just what 
one needs to keep in touch with what is "Correct" 
at the present time. Hints on politeness and good 
breeding, sensible talks about etiquette for home, 
visiting, sensible talks about parties, evening en- 
tertainments, social intercourse, dress, etc. No 
part in daily conduct has been omitted. The im- 
mense popularity of this little book is attested by 
its enormous sales. It is an invaluable adjunct to 
any home and will be found exceedingly helpful in 
the hands of parents and teachers as well as young 
people of both sexes. 160 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 



DRAKE'S PRACTICAL BOOKS ARE PERFECT. 



IRISH WIT AND HUMOR. 




Irish wit and 
humor is a fac- 
tor in human experience which the world can ill 
afford to lose. In some of its qualities it is second 
to the wit and humor of no nation on earth. Judg- 
ing it by its average specimens- and it would be 
manifestly misleading to take a lower standard - it 
manages to convey an idea fully ; but in its haste 
to express itself,— the mataphors get mixed, and 
the thoughts transposed or reversed. For playful- 
ness, for sarcastic keenness, for gracefulness, and 
for red-hot scornfulness, nothing is more effective 
than some of the examples of the wit and humor 
of the Irishman, as told in this timely volume. 
Amateur theatricals or entertainments of any 
character will find this book a most acceptable ad- 
dition for gathering material. 160 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cento 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Centa 

CONUNDRUMS AND RIDDLES. 

Collected and arranged by John Ray. This is 
the latest, largest and best collection of Conun- 
drums ever published. Containing upwards of 
four thousand choice new intellectual Conundrums 
and Riddles which will sharpen your wit and lead 
you to think quickly. They are always a source 
of great amusement and pleasure, whiling away 
tedious hours and putting every one in a general 
good humor. Any person, with the assistance of 
this book, may take the lead in entertaining a 
companyand keep them in roars of laughter for 
hours. We heartily recommend it to amateurs 
and professionals for entertainments of all kinds. 
160 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles ,.50 Cents 

NEGRO MINSTRELS. By Jack Haverly. A 
complete handbook 
written to encourage, help and guide amateurs in 
their efforts to form troupes and give a successful 
evening's performance. An entire program is ar- 
ranged with full details, consisting of a first part 
with the brightest dialogue between "Tambo," 
"Bones" and the "Middleman" ; the introduction 
of ballads, songs, gags, conundrums, side-splitting 
stump speeches, etc. Mr. Jack Haverly was one of 
the most widely experienced men on the minstrel 
stage, and in this book has drawn on his stock of 
tried features, selecting and offering his best there- 
from. 150 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 50 Cents 

Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 





DRAKE'S AMUSEMENT BOOKS AND PLAYS ARE THE BEST MADE. 




COMIC RECITATIONS AND READINGS. 

A new volume of Comic Readings and Recita- 
tions, compiled and edited by Charles Walter 
Brown, A. M., many of which have never been 
before published in book form. Its contents com- 
prise some of the best efforts of such world-re- 
nowned humorists as Mark Twain, Josh Billings, 
Artemus Ward, Ezra Kendall, Bret Harte, Bill 
Nye, Ben King, Geo. Thatcher, Lew Dockstader, 
Wm. S. Gilbert, James Whitcomb Riley and others. 
This is an unequaled collection of the most amus- 
ing, eccentric, droll and humorous pieces, suitable 
for recitations in schools, drawing-room entertain- 
ments and amateur theatricals. 200 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 50 Cents 



PATRIOTIC READINGS AND RECITATIONS 

By Josephine Stafford. This is the choicest, new- 
est and most complete collection of Patriotic reci- 
tations published, and includes all of the best 
known selections, together with the best utter- 
ances of all eminent statesmen. Selections for 
Decoration Day, Fourth of July, Washington's and 
Lincoln's birthdays, Arbor Day, Labor Day, and 
■all other Patriotic occasions. 

There are few things more popular during Na- 
tional Holidays than entertainments and exhibi- 
tions, and there is scarcely anything more difficult 
to procure than new and meritorious material ap- 
propriate for such occasions. This book will fill 
■every want. 200 pages. 

Paper Covers 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 




LITTLE FOLKS' SPEAKER 

By Chas. Walter Brown, A. M. Containing cute 
and catchy pieces for recitations by small children 
of ten years and much younger, including Speeches 
of Welcome and short Epilogues for opening and 
closing Children's Entertainments. The subjects 
are such as delight the infantile mind, and the 
language, while child-like is not childish. All of 
the selections are new and fresh, many being spe- 
cially written for this volume. It would be diffi- 
cult to find another oollection so replete with 
short, bright, cheery printed pieces as contained 
in this book. 128 pages. 

Paper Covers 2« Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 50 Cents 

Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 




DRAKE'S HANDBOOKS ARE THE BEST MADE. 




LITTLE FOLKS' DIALOGUES & DRAMAS. 

By Charles Walter Brown, A. M. A collection of 
original Dialogii.es and Dramas by various authors, 
sprightly and sensible, particularly adapted for 
little people from three to twelve years o]d, on 
subjects and ideas fitted to their age, handled in 
the quaint manner and appropriate action so often 
observed in even children of tender age. Suitable 
for all occasions. Special day celebrations, etc. 
With costumes for boys and girls. 180 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents. 



CHOICE DIALECT 
STAGE JOKES. 



AND VAUDEVILLE 



Containing side-splitting 
Stories, Readings, Recitations, 
Jokes, Gags and Monologues, in Irish, Dutch, 
Scotch, Yankee, French, Italian, Spanish, Negro, 
and other dialects, representing every phase of 
sentiment from the keenest humor or the tender- 
est pathos to that which is strongly dramatic. We 
heartily recommend this book to amateurs and 
professionals as being the Best, Latest and contain- 
ing the brightest dialect stories of the vaudeville 
stage, as told and recited by Ezra Kendall, George 
Thatcher, Lew Dockstader, Rogers Bros., Weber 
and Fields, Joe W elsh and others. 200 pages. 




Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents, 

DUTCH DIM ECT Recitations, Readings and 
. j k es> ag t . id by our fore- 
most vaudeville stars, Weber and Fields, Rogers 
Brothers, Marshall P. Wilder, Ezra Kendall, Geo. 
Fuller Golden, Gus Williams and others. Every 
lover of German dialect, wit and humor ought to 
procure a copy of this new and up-to-date book, as 
it contains the choicest emanations of the most 
celebrated and renowned Dutch comedians and 
humorists of the present day. Rip-roaring, side- 
splitting Dutch dialect. Hot humor covers its 
many pages, and comedians and amateurs who 
wish to keep an audience or social gathering in a 
continuous stream of laughter and merriment, 
and receive tumultuous applause at every appear- 
ance, will find in this book exactly what they re- 
quire. 130 pages. 

Paper Co vers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 

Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK T. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352 356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 




DRAKE'S PRACTICAL HANDBOOKS HAVE THE CALL. 




PHOTOGRAPHY SELF-TAUGHT. 

By T. Stith Baldwin. The camera is now 
recognized as a factor in the fields of pleasure, 
profit and instruction and is used by every 
class of citizen ; by the tourist and other pleas- 
ure seekers as an adjunct to further the enjoy- 
ment of a vacation and to provide lasting sou- 
venirs of a pleasant experience. 

Any man, woman or child of ordinary intel- 
ligence, without previous experience, by simply 
following printed instructions, can soon acquire 
the knowledge necessary to properly operate 
the camera, develop the plate (or film), and 
print and finish the picture. 160 pages, 59 illus- 
trations. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth 50 Cents 



STANDARD PERFECTION POULTRY BOOK 

By C. C Shoemaker. The recognized standard 
work on poultry in this country , containing a com- 
plete description of all the varieties of fowls, in- 
cluding turkeys, ducks, and geese with illustra- 
tions of each ; poultry houses and how to build 
them, also full directions for operating incubators 
and brooders. 

Chapters on diseases, feeding, caponizing,dressing 
and shipping and fattening for market. Sites for 
buildings, land needed, etc., etc. 200 pages, 80 il- 
lustrations. 

paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth 50 Cents 





COMPLETE DEBATERS' MANUAL. 

By Charles Walter Brown, A. M. This book 
will fill a place occupied by no other. It is not 
only a manual of parliamentary usages but a com- 
plete guide to all matters pertaining to Organiza- 
tion. Debating Clubs will find this book un- 
equaled. It tells us all about how to start the ma- 
chinery. How to outline and prepare a debate. It 
gives full debates, so that the inexperienced speak- 
er may know about what he is expected to say, and 
how much is required to fill his allotted time. 160 



Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 50 Cents 



Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 



DRAKE EDITIONS ARE UP-TO-DATE. 




TOASTS AND AFTER DINNER SPEECHES. 

Compiled and Edited by William Young Stafford. 
How many times have you been called upon to re- 
spond to some toast or speech? What would you. 
not give for the ability to be rid of this embarrass- 
ment? The book contains Presentation Speeches, 
At and After Dinner Speeches, Political Speeches, 
Welcomes, Congratulation*, School Commence- 
ment Valedictories, etc. Also toasts and welcomes 
on various subjects. From this book you may learn 
some lessons that will prove profitable when called 
upon to speak or respond to some toast or senti- 
ment. Send for a copy and prepare yourself. 

Not only is it valuable to the novice, but the ex- 
perienced orator will find many good suggestions. 
180 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gilt Titles 50 Cents 

MODERN QUADBSLLE CALL BOOK AND 
COMPLETE DANCING MASTER. 

President of the American National Association of 
Masters of Dancing. 

Containing all the new modern square dances and 
tabulated forms for the guidance of the leader of 
others in calling them, full and complete direc- 
tions for performing every known square dance, 
such as Plain Quadrilles, Polka Quadrilles, Prairie 
Queen, United States Quadrille, Presidential Quad- 
rille, Varieties Quadrille, Francaise, Cake Walk 
QuadrilK Dixie Figures, Girl I Left Behind, Old 
Dan Tucker, Money Musk, Waltz Lanciers, Oak- 
land Minuet, Waltz Quadrilles, The German, etc. 

In the Round Dances a special feature consists of 
the Wirth and other newest methods of teaching 
the steps of the waltz, etc. 160 pages. 

Paper Covers 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 

CHAS. K. HARRIS' COMPLETE SONGSTER. 

Containing one hundred and fifty latest pop- 
ular songs— successes of Mr. Harris and his 
staff of famous composers. Never before would 
Mr. Harris allow all of his songs to be sold in 
one single volume on account of their ever 
ready sale singly, but through the untiring ef- 
forts of the publishers at a great expense, we 
are now prepared to offer this superb collection 
of one hundred and fifty popular songs at a 
price within the reach of all. 200 pages, 150 
songs. 

Paper Covers— Price 25 Cents 

Cloth Covers— Price 50 Cents 

Any book in this list sent postpaid to any 
address upon receipt of price. Complete Cata- 
logue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 




.25 Cents 





ASK FOR DRAKE EDITIONS IF YOU WANT THE BEST. 



HOW TO TELL FORTUNES BY CARDS. 

By Madam Zancig. Fully illustrated. This little 
manual has been written to give amusement, and 
it describes the methods that are commonly used 
hy Gypsies and others when they "read your for- 
tune." Many have witnessed a great number of 
most wonderful and useful conclusions which have 
been produced by this science, and many future 
events have been foretold. Any one can tell the 
present, past and future by following these simple 
instructions. 150 pages, 50 illustrations. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 



NATIONAL POLICY PLAYER'S GUIDE 
AND DREAM BOOK. 

This little volume is priceless to those who play 
the lottery or policy. It contains a complete list 
of dreams, arranged alphabetically, with their 
lucky numbers; Playing Cards, their numbers; 
Days of Week and Month, with numbers; Holi- 
days, Unlucky Days, Lucky Days, Birthdays, Com- 
bination Tables, etc. ; Rules how to ascertain how 
much any amount of money will bring on any 
given row of numbeas, etc., etc. 208 pages. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 




GIPSY WITCHES FORTUNE TELLING CARDS. 




jm>AM LE NORMAND 



By Madame Le Normand. (Gipsy Witch.) Mmlle. 
Le Normand has left behind such a reputation, the 
memory of so unusual a talent, that we believe we 
shall do a favor to the admirers of her system, by pub- 
lishing the cards which were found after her death. 
They are the same cards with which she prophesied to 
Napoleon I. his future greatness, and the downfall of 
many princes and great men of France. Each pack 
contains fifty-two fine illustrated cards, lithographed 
in colors, with inscription forete'J.ing your past, pres- 
ent and future. Can also be used for playing any card 
game. Full directions with each pack. 

Price per package of 52 cards 
in neat case 50 cents 



Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 



UKAKfc EDITIONS FILL THE WAN"). 




STANDARD DRILL & MARCHING BOOK. 

By Edwin Ellis. Containing an endless variety 
of new, original drills and marches for young peo- 
ple. Each being illustrated with diagrams easy to 
understand. No form of entertainment has 
proved itself more Amusing, Healthful or Popular 
than "Standard Drills and Marches." The author 
has included all of the very latest and most amus- 
ing drills and marches known. 160 pages, 30 illus- 
trations. 

Illustrated Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth Covers, Gold Titles 50 Cents 



ZANCIG'S NEW COMPLETE PALMISTRY. 

The only authorized edition published. By Prof, 
and Mme. Zancig. Here we have the simplest 
presentations of the Science of Modern Palmistry. 
All of the discoveries, investigations and researches 
of centuries are summed up in this practical treat- 
ise on Palmistry. There is no trait, no character- 
istic, no inherited tendency that is not marked on 
the palm of the hand, and can be traced with un- 
erring accuracy by following the principles and in- 
structions laid down in this book. 200 pages ; 86 
fine illustrations. N. B.— Other editions bearing 
the name of Zancigs are not authorized by them. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Titles in Gold , . . 50 Cents 




CYPSY WITCH 
DREAN 




THE GYPSY WITCH DREAM BOOK. 

This is the most complete dream book published. 
It contains an alphabetical list of dreams on every 
subject, including the lucky numbers, given names 
of both males and females and their numbers. 
Birthdays and their significance, Lucky Days, 
Rules to learn the number of Saddles Gigs, and 
Horses in any given row of numbers, and what 
amount they will bring, Combination Tables, etc. 
It is the most reliable and authentic dream book 
ever published; the gathering of the material 
alone has occupied years of careful research. 



Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth 50 Cents 



Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price.* 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

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DRAKE'S UP-TO-DATE BOOKS. 



HERRMANN'S BOOK OF MAGIC. By Herrmann. 

Including a full expose of the Black Art. This is 
a practical treatise on how to perform modern 
tricks. Great care has been exercised by the au- 
thor to include in this book only such tricks as 
have never before appeared in print. This assures 
the performer a secret and almost endless fund for 
suitable material to be used on all occasions. "With 
little practice almosb anyone can perform the 
more simple tricks, and with practice, as he be- 
comes more adept, he can perform the most diffi- 
cult. N" o book published contains a greater vari- 
ety of material for conjurers and slight-of-hand 
performers than this book. 180 pages, 41 illustra- 
tions. 

Paper Cover 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 




" CARD SHARPERS, THEIR TRICKS 
EXPOSED, OR THE ART OF ALWAYS 

WINNING." By Robert-Houdin. 

This volume was expressly written to "en- 
lighten the dupes and there will be no more 
cheating." 

In unveiling the tricks of card sharpers, the 
author and editor have included everything 
practiced by gamblers of all countries, they 
having spent years in following every crooked 
or cheating move made by them, which is fully 
explained by diagrams. 

The book when read will inspire no thought 
beyond that of guarding the reader against the 
card tricks of sharpers. 200 pages, 24 illustra- 
tions. 

Paper Coper, printed in three colors.. .Price, $ .50 
Cloth Cover, designs in gold and inks. " 1.00 





THE EXPERT AT THE CARD TABLE. 

By S. "W. Erdnase. Without doubt the very best 
and most up-to-date treatise on the numerous 
sleights used by gamblers, concluding with a thor- 
oughly interesting chapter on Card Sleights and 
Tricks with Cards. 

Among the various new gambler's sleights will be 
found many which will prove of excellent service 
to the progressive conjuror. 205 pages, 101 illustra- 
tions. 

l2mo, Cloth Price $1.00 



Any book in this list sent postpaid to any ad- 
dress, upon receipt of price. Complete Catalogue 
sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 



DRAKE EDITIONS ARE THE BEST. 




DrrAiicr I I A WET Vnil THE BOOK OF LOVE, COURTSHIP AND 
BECAUSE. I LOVt YUU. — MARRIAGE. 

It fully explains How Maidens Become Happy 
"Wives and Bachelors Become Happy Husbands in 
a brief space of time and by easy methods. Also 
Complete Directions for Declaring Intentions, 
Accepting Vows and Retaining Affections both 
Before and Af ler Marriage, describing the invita- 
tions, the dresses, the ceremony and the proper 
behavior of both bride and bridegroom, whether in 
public or behind the nuptial curtain. It also tells 
plainly how to begin courting, the way to get over 
bashfulness, the Way to "sit up," the way to find a 
soft spot in the sweetheart's breast. This is just 
the treatise to be in the hands of every young bach- 
elor or maiden, every married man or women, ev- 
ery widow or widower, young and old— in fact it is 
a complete marriage guide. 200 pages. , 

Paper Cover 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 

CARD TRICKS. HOW TO DO THEM. 

And principles of Sleight of Hand. By A. Roter- 
berg. Fully illustrated. This book gives, with 
careful and easy instructions, the newest card 
tricks and slight- of -hand yet offered to profess- 
ionals and amateurs. Not only does this book 
contain all of the new tricks, but nearly every 
one known is fully explained and exposed by 
explicit directions and carefully prepared illus- 
trations. No more agreeable form of public or 
private amusement can be devised than that of 
successful card tricks. 170 pages, 80 fine illus- 
trations. 

Paper Covers 25 Cents 

Cloth, Gold Titles 50 Cents 

TRICKS WITH COINS. By T. Nelson Downs. 

A full ana complete expose (illustrated) of the 
Author's World-Famous Coin Creation, "The Mi- 
ser's Dream," including the correct method of exe- 
cuting the Continuous Back and Front-Hand Palm. 

A series of absolutely new Passes with Coins, in- 
cluding eleven distinct and different methods of 
causing the disappearance of a single coin. 

This book contains a complete explanation, with 
illustrations of every Coin Trick known. Written 
in a plain, easy, comprehensive style, which makes 
it the very best book on coin tricks published. To 
the professional and amateur this book will be an 
interesting addition to the already great number 
of works on what many consider to be the most 
fascinating art of the period. 170 pages, 95 illustra- 
tions. Paper Cover.. 25cts. Cloth, Gold Titles.. 50cts. 

Any book in this list sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 
Complete Catalogue sent free. 

FREDERICK J. DRAKE & CO., Publishers 

352-356 DEARBORN STREET, CHICAGO 





Picture Making for 
Pleasvire and Profit 

— ; 1 By T. STITH BALDWIN ===== 

The work is a treatise on the 
Modern Processes of Photography 

As a text book for the beginner, the advanced Amateur and 
the Professional it is complete in every essential. Every divis- 
ion of the fascinating art of picture-taking has been treated in 
a most thorough and pleasing manner. 
From the pages of the book the novice ac- 
quires necessary information of the Appar- 
atus required, the comparative value of 
Kodaks, Hand Cameras and Viewing Cam- 
eras. The choice of dry plates or films. 
Likewise a knowledge of the Composition, 
Lighting and Exposing in Landscape, In- 
terior, Home Portraiture and Flash Light 
Photography; Development and Comple- 
tion of the Negative, and Toning, Fixing 
and Finishing of prints on miscellaneous 
papers. The needs of the advanced worker and Professional 
are cared for in chapters on Correct Lighting in Studio Por- 
traiture, Copying, Enlarging and Reducing; Stereoscopic 
Photography, X-Rays and their Uses, Moving Picture Ma- 
chines and Motion Photography; and in most complete chap- 
ters upon Platinum, Carbon, Bromide Printing Processes, the 
Gum Bichromate Process, Lantern Slide and Transparency 
Making Bromide Enlargements, and the Salting and Sensitiz- 
ing of plain papers. 

Together with these is given a mass of useful Formula and 
hints on avoidance of the usual pitfals which beset the path- 
way of the photographic enthusiast. 

The book is most beautifully illustrated by more than one 
hundred engravings. 

12Mo Cloth with Special Designs in Gold, including: a beautiful 
Photogravure on outside cover in gold frame; Price, $1.25. 

Sent postpaid to any address upon receipt of price. 




Frederick J. Drake 8r Co., Publishers 



352*356 DEJfRBORM STREET * * * CHICAGO 



MAY 25 1903 



042 002 219 



The standard drill and marching book, including sim] 

Ellis, Edwin 

5856367 

The Library of Congress 

[96] standarddrillmarOOelli 

00420022190 
Sep 26, 2013 



